| 1915-02-02-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The Turkish government terminated the contracts with the inspector generals Hoff and Westenenk and paid the compensation designated in the contracts to the local branch of the Deutsche Bank, requesting that it be passed on. Talaat told him that in case of a Turkish defeat the Armenian population would side with the victors, despite all of the concessions made with regard to reforms. This is why it was the perfect moment to terminate the contracts. The German ambassador suspects that fiscal reasons may also have played a part, because the Gate was unwilling to pay the high salaries during the entire war "without anything in return".
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| 1915-02-04-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-02-22-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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During a visit of the Armenian Patriarch he described the situation in the Armenian provinces as being "relatively satisfactory". The German ambassador said that he intimated to his guest that the war "would inflict great sacrifices on all parts of the population and occasional hardships could not be prevented", but that he also assured him that the German civil servants would look after the Armenians in the provinces "as far as this was permissible".
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| 1915-02-24-DE-003
From German Information Service for the Orient (Oppenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-02-27-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
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Brief telegram on the Allied attack on the Dardanelles, the question of relocation of Western legations, attempts to assassinate Talaat, and internal opposition to the war.
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| 1915-03-03-DE-011
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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According to the new deputy German consul in Erzerum, the Armenians in Vilayet Bitlis as well as in Kisari took armed action against the armed forces and the gendarme. The military authorities had ordered strong measures to be taken and refused to permit the Armenians to do armed military service.
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| 1915-03-07-DE-011
From German Consulate Alexandretta (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de en tr]
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According to the German vice-consul, house searches were carried out at the local Christians, especially the Armenians. He based the Armenians' mistrust and their "panic-like mood" on the events that took place in Dörtyol where, according to his information, raids had taken place. Supposedly all of the people who were able to work were taken away to work on road construction. The town was surrounded by the armed forces. Hoffmann reported Armenians' hostile mood towards the Germans, which was supposed to have increased after a German, disguised as an Englishman, discovered by means of questioning that the Armenians of the region would happily agree to being occupied by the British. The German in question reported this to the Turkish authorities.
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| 1915-03-07-DE-011
From German Consulate Alexandretta (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
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According to the German vice-consul, house searches were carried out at the local Christians, especially the Armenians. He based the Armenians' mistrust and their "panic-like mood" on the events that took place in Dörtyol where, according to his information, raids had taken place. Supposedly all of the people who were able to work were taken away to work on road construction. The town was surrounded by the armed forces.
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| 1915-03-09-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-03-10-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
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Wandel reports on how the CUP successfully manages to acquire more and more power at the expense of the Ottoman Parliament. Opposition to these measures is limited, without much effect, and mainly originates from Ahmed Riza and some of the Christian members of Parliament.
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| 1915-03-12-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-03-12-DK-001
From Danish Consulate Smyrna (Alfred van der Zee) to Danish Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) [da de en]
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Alfred van der Zee reports on the Entente bombardment of Smyrna, on how Allied citizens are used as human shields in the city, and on negotiations between the Allies and the local administration.
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| 1915-03-13-DE-012
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de en tr]
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The Armenian deputy civil servant, Simon Agabalian, put together a report on the events in Dörtyol which the German consul described as being "accurate on the whole", even if he could not agree with the opinion of his subordinate that Germany could be taken into consideration as a protecting power for the native Christians.
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| 1915-03-18-DE-001
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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According to Buege, all of the preconditions for a riot by the Armenians were missing. Rather, the hostility was more an expression of the bitterness towards the Turkish government.
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| 1915-03-26-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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Consul Roessler from Aleppo reported from Zeitun that Armenian deserters had shot some Turkish gendarmes. The Muslim population of Marash had calmed down after a military tribunal had been set up. Roessler requested that "strictest orders to avoid riots" be brought about; on the other hand, he recommended, "The blow against Zeitun should be brief and carried out with superior strength in order to avoid the spreading of an uprising."
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| 1915-03-26-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-03-26-DE-003
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-03-26-DE-003
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de tr]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-03-27-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-03-29-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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According to the Secretary of the Interior, there were clashes in Zeitun between Armenian deserters and Turkish gendarmes, with fatalities on both sides. The reason for this was probably resistance to the levying of military service. The Armenian Patriarch denied that there was an organized rebellion movement. However, according to the German ambassador, friction between the Turks and the Armenians was increasing. For this reason Armenians liable for compulsory service had no longer been called up during the past few weeks for armed military service, but were only employed to work on road construction.
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| 1915-03-30-DE-001
From German Consulate Damascus (Padel) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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Count Wolffskeel informed that the military authorities considered a journey by Roessler to Zeitun to be "exceptionally questionable" and requested that he refrain from undertaking it. The embassy was requested to send instructions accordingly to Roessler.
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| 1915-03-30-DE-002
From American Consul in Aleppo (Jesse B. Jackson) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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Situation in Zeitun so grave that Djelal Bey should be send.
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| 1915-03-31-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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Report on the monastery at Zeitun, in which deserters were supposedly staying, being fired on.
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| 1915-04-01-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-04-01-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Djemal Pasha announced that any Moslem who attacked an Armenian would be court-martialled.
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| 1915-04-02-DE-002
From German-Armenian Society (Liparit Nasariantz) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-04-02-DE-002
From German-Armenian Society (Liparit Nasariantz) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-03-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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According to Roessler, the rebellious Armenians set off from the monastery and fled to the mountains. Battles against the city did not seem to be upcoming. 125 people liable for compulsory service reported in Zeitun, 450 in Marash. House searches had been carried out in Marash. Djemal had ordered that any Moslem who attacked an Armenian would be court-martialled.
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| 1915-04-12-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Foreign Office [de en tr]
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Detailed report of the events in Zeitun and their effects on Marash. The German consul repeated the opinion of the Vali of Aleppo, Djelal Bey, "that a trend seems to have won the upper hand in the Turkish government which seems to regard the Armenians as a whole as suspect or even hostile". Via Roessler, the Vali left it to the discretion of the German embassy in Constantinople to take action against this movement.
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| 1915-04-15-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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The ambassador in Constantinople reports on the increasing tension between the Turkish-Moslem and the Armenian population. The Russian section of the Dashnakzutiun demanded the "annihilation" of the Moslem population in the areas to be ceded and German officers confirmed that Armenian troops had "turned their weapons against the Turks". He was, however, convinced "that, since the adoption of the constitution, the Armenians have given up the thought of a revolution and that no organisation exists to carry one out". Especially in the provinces of Erzerum, Bitlis and Van, the Armenian population was being attacked, mainly by Turkish irregulars as well as by clubs affiliated with the Committee for Unity and Progress, and in some districts "real butchery" was carried out. He rejected the Armenians' demands to have German officials speak up for them, because Germany would then run the risk of "putting interests that are more important and more obvious to us at stake by speaking up for something which is possibly hopeless".
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| 1915-04-16-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-04-16-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-19-DK-001
From Danish Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen [da de en]
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Wandel forwards letters from Norwegian consul at Constantinople, Theodor Richard Reppen, and from a Danish sea captain.
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| 1915-04-20-DE-001
From German-Armenian Society to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-20-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-20-DE-013
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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According to information from the American principal of the college in Aintab, the Armenian population of Zeitun, Marash as well as all of the villages as far south as Hassanbeyli are being deported.
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| 1915-04-24-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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According to a report by the consulate in Erzerum, disturbances by the Armenians broke out in Van.
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| 1915-04-24-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The Turkish Department of the Interior repeated his version of the events in Van.
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| 1915-04-24-DE-003
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The Armenian Catholicos (from Sis) requests that a report on Zeitun be sent via the German authorities to the partriarchy in Constantinople. Wangenheim agrees.
|
| 1915-04-24-DE-004
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-26-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de en tr]
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The Patriarch conveyed details of the events in Erzerum and the Armenians' plan to send a "placating committee" into the interior of the country to assure the Turks of the Armenians' loyalty to the Armenian expert in the German Embassy in Constantinople, Mordtmann. On the other hand, General Posseldt confirmed hostile action against the Armenians in Erzerum.
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| 1915-04-26-DE-012
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The Armenian Bishop of Erzerum requested information from the Patriarch on the events in Van. The Patriarch, on the other hand, informed him that he had only a confidential message from Enver that the Armenians in Van had revolted.
|
| 1915-04-26-DE-013
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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According to private information, the government in Van arrested Armenians before riots broke out and murdered four of them.
|
| 1915-04-26-DE-014
From German Consulate Adana to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Accompanying letter
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| 1915-04-27-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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According to official information from Erzerum, the riot in Van was suppressed, 400 Armenians were killed and the rest fled to Russia.
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| 1915-04-27-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Roessler reports on the expulsion of the Armenian population from Zeitun, Marash all the way to Hassanbeili "insofar as it is wealthy or influential", and describes the measures as being "a disaster for the country and calculated on the systematic ruin of a part of the population".
|
| 1915-04-27-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-28-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Weber) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-28-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Erzurum [de en tr]
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Wangenheim instructs the consulate in Erzurum that riots and massacres are to be avoided and influence is to be used towards orderly proceedings against politically suspect persons. The impression is to be avoided "that we are holding the Armenians immune and that we wish to intervene in the activities of the authorities".
|
| 1915-04-30-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The Consul of Erzerum reports that the authorities had already arrested Armenians even before fighting broke out in Van and the surrounding area. According to Wangenheim, the Department of the Interior reported that "the worst was over" in Van. Wangenheim then cited from a report written by the Dashnakzutiun in a report for the Socialist Congress of 1910 that "until 1908" it had held "the entire population of the country able to carry arms and organized in political groups under our flag". According to this report, in 1908 there were "1000 rifles, a million cartridges and masses of explosives accumulated" in Van which were confiscated by the government at that time.
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| 1915-04-30-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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On the night of April 25th/26th, Armenian politicians and intellectuals were arrested in Constantinople. The Secretary of the Interior, Talaat, told the embassy that this state of affairs was to be ended, in which each religious community carried out its own special policy. In future, only Ottoman policy was to be carried out in Turkey.
|
| 1915-04-30-DE-004
From German Consulate Alexandretta (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-04-30-DE-014
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The Mutessarrif, Halid Bey, rioted against the Armenians in Erzinjian.
|
| 1915-05-03-DE-002
From Otto Scheffels Company to German embasse Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-03-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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The Armenians from Zeitun were replaced by Muslim refugees from Macedonia.
|
| 1915-05-04-DE-011
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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Fighting continued in Van. Arrests took place in Erzerum, but there is no danger of massacres.
|
| 1915-05-05-DE-001
From "Le Temps" [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-05-DE-011
From German Missions in Mamurte ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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According to Johannes Ehmann, the head of the German orphanage, arrests and house searches took place in Kharput. The majority of the population remained loyal to the government. The Vali hoped that there would be no serious occurrences; even so, there was still a danger that strong anti-Armenian elements would gain the upper hand.
|
| 1915-05-06-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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The Turkish troops lost 600 men during the fighting in Van. Larger numbers of bombs were found in Diarbekir and Kaysarie.
|
| 1915-05-08-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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The Armenian anti-Turkish movement has spread further than believed until now. The Armenian committees, especially the Dashnaktzutiun, agitated throughout the country, also supplying the population with weapons, supposedly with which to defend themselves against the Kurds. For example, a total of 400 bombs were found in Kaysary. "It cannot be denied," said the German ambassador, "that the Armenian movement has taken on an alarming character during the past few weeks, which has caused the government to take strict repressive measures."
|
| 1915-05-08-DE-003
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-09-DE-011
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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During the disturbances in Van, the Turks suffered 1000 losses, the Armenians 3000.
|
| 1915-05-10-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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The consulate in Mossul reported street fighting in Van. At the same time, the Nestorian tribe of the Tiari revolted in the district of Bashkale.
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| 1915-05-10-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Now, after the deportation of the Armenians from Zeitun, those from Marash are also being deported.
|
| 1915-05-11-DE-001
From "Le Temps" [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-11-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-14-DE-011
From German Consulate Mosul (Hostein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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According to the German consul in Mossul, Chalil Bey is marching his troops to Van.
|
| 1915-05-15-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Mosul [de]
|
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The Minister of the Interior confirmed that fighting continued in Van.
|
| 1915-05-15-DE-012
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de en tr]
|
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Russian influence in Van had always been strong and the Armenians regarded Russia as their natural protector. The Germans had little influence on the Armenians; most of them considered Germany to be Turkey’s accomplice. Even those Armenians who were brought up in missions had little sympathy for Germany. The attitude of the Armenians from Erzerum changed since the outbreak of war insofar as they attribute it to the German consul that massacres did not occur in Erzerum. The Armenians in Erzerum were not expected to revolt, and this was in part due to the moderate attitude of the Vali from Erzerum who was on the spot, contrary to the Turkish military who believed that the time had come to settle with the Armenians.
|
| 1915-05-15-DE-013
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The Armenian population in the surrounding villages was being deported.
|
| 1915-05-16-DE-011
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The Armenians in the area surrounding Erzerum were sent to Mamakatun at the order of the army’s Supreme Commander. As a revolt by the Armenians of Erzerum was not expected, these measures were the cause for rage among the Armenians of Erzerum. The civil administration was not involved and refused to accept responsibility. After discussing the matter with Wangenheim, Mordtmann noted for the record that no steps were to be taken.
|
| 1915-05-17-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Weber) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-17-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-17-DE-013
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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The Armenians requested that the Patriarch be informed of the events in Erzerum. Mordtmann reported to Zaven and recommended that he consult the Ministry of War.
|
| 1915-05-18-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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The consulate in Erzerum reported that Van was occupied by the Russians and 80,000 Muslims had fled to Bitlis.
|
| 1915-05-18-DE-003
From German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
|
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According to the German head of the orphanage, although the date for handing over weapons was extended, the situation of the indigenous Christians continued to deteriorate noticeably.
|
| 1915-05-18-DE-011
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
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According to the German consul, there were banishments and executions in Adana. The German Orient Bank, in particular, requested that the deportations cease. In his answer, Wangenheim refers to the revolt in Van and other occurrences and is not in a position to prevent these measures.
|
| 1915-05-18-DE-012
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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The misery of the expelled Armenians was dreadful. He requested instructions as to whether he could take steps with the Supreme Command.
|
| 1915-05-18-DE-014
From German Consulate Mosul (Hostein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The supreme leader of the Nestorians reported that the Muslims in the district of Amadia were planning to massacre the Christians. The Vali from Mossul remained passive. The German vice-consul requested that orders be sent to the government in Mossul. Mordtmann passed the contents of the telegram on to the Ottoman Ministry of the Interior.
|
| 1915-05-19-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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He attempted in vain to achieve telegraphic contact with Spoerri, the head of the institution in Van. The Vali reported he had sent a messenger with a white flag in an attempt to pass on the telegram, but that the Armenian rebels had shot at the peace envoy.
|
| 1915-05-19-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann ) [de]
|
|
According to the German ambassador, he was satisfied that at present there was no need to worry about the situation in Mamuret ul Aziz. It should be taken into consideration that, due to the events in Van, the government had to take precautionary measures from which the peaceful population occasionally also suffered. At least none of the Armenians had been massacred anywhere so far.
|
| 1915-05-19-DE-015
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) [en de]
|
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Vice-Consul Scheubner-Richter was authorised to lodge a complaint with the Supreme Command in Erzerum concerning the expelled Armenians and, should the reversal of these measures not be possible, to urge that they be treated humanely. However, he wished to keep his influence within the limits of a piece of friendly advice and to avoid giving the meeting the character of an official representation.
|
| 1915-05-20-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
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The German Consul reports on the deportation of the Armenians from the Plain of Passin and on the loss of the harvest, which hits large Turkish landowners as well. The German General Chief of Staff in service of the Ottomans, Bronsart von Schellendorff, comments in a biting manner on the complaints about the impossibility of aid and individual initiative to supply the Armenians with bread.
|
| 1915-05-22-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
|
|
According to the Administrator, the Muhadschirs were taking the place of the expelled Armenians which “was possibly from the very beginning the purpose of the relocation”. The behaviour of the accompanying gendarmes could “not be more brusque if it were directed at the subject of enemy nations”. Wangenheim, however, defends the Turks' actions.
|
| 1915-05-22-DE-002
From "L'Humanité" [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-22-DE-004
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-22-DE-011
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
He discussed the expulsion of the Armenians with the army on the telephone. The villages of the expelled Armenians were occupied by Muslim emigrants.
|
| 1915-05-24-DE-001
From German Consulate Sofia (Podewitz) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-24-DE-011
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The American mission asked Mr. Peet, the head of the Bible Association in Constantinople, to assist the Armenians financially.
|
| 1915-05-25-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-05-26-DE-012
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
About 10000 Armenians had been banned from Sandiak Marash and the eastern part of the province of Adana. The innocent were punished in place of the guilty. It was time to stop. Mordtmann, the Armenian expert, noted that Talaat stated he had not been informed on the deportations from Marash.
|
| 1915-05-26-DE-013
From American Bible House in Constantinople (William W. Peet) to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
Peet informed Mordtmann that money was available for Erzerum.
|
| 1915-05-27-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
The German ambassador stated that he was only prepared to send an eye-witness report by Blank, the German missionary, on condition that this report would not be released to the press.
|
| 1915-05-29-DE-001
From German Consulate Alexandretta (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
The government will act ruthlessly against the Armenians, as was also announced by General Fakhri Pasha.
|
| 1915-05-29-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
Mordtmann, the Armenian expert at the German embassy, stated in a memo that Talaat had refused the proposed moderation for the Armenians in Erzerum, because incriminating evidence against them had turned up. The deportations were meant to protect them from worse, namely massacres.
|
| 1915-05-29-DE-013
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) to German Consulate Erzurum [de]
|
|
The treasurer of the American Board of Commmissioners for Foreign Missions in Constantinople, Peet, authorised the American mission in Erzerum, to draw 250 pounds on his account.
|
| 1915-05-30-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Erzurum [de]
|
|
Talaat maintained that the Armenians from Erzerum were heavily incriminated by bombs found there and that the deportations were in their own interest, in order to prevent massacres.
|
| 1915-05-31-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de en tr]
|
|
Enver Pasha planned to take stronger action against the Armenians and ”to reinstate in Mesopotamia all those families which are considered to be not quite unobjectionable”. The German ambassador requested that, in principle, the measures were not to be prevented and that Lepsius as well as other German-Armenian committees be informed accordingly.
|
| 1915-06-01-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-01-DE-002
From German Legation Copenhagen to Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-02-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinopel [en de]
|
|
As the only representative of Christian power, the Armenian people saw its natural protector in him. The situation was embarrassing and he requested that steps be taken with the Porte, which Wangenheim, however, refused.
|
| 1915-06-02-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-02-DE-012
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
Consultations with the Supreme Commander ended without success. All of the Armenians are to be deported to Deir-es-Zor, which is tantamount to a massacre: for lack of a means of transportation it is expected that less than half will reach the place of destination alive. Those Armenians who converted to Islam were not deported. The Armenian villages that he had visited had been plundered, likewise the monastery of Kizilwang.
|
| 1915-06-02-DE-014
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
No bombs were found in Erzerum; this was also confirmed by the Vali.
|
| 1915-06-03-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-03-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The Armenians from the Vilayet Adana are to be distributed among Muslim villages in the Vilayet Aleppo. They will probably die there. In addition, the Vali Djelal Bey, who was known for his lenient policy, had been removed from office. A special public official, Eyub Bey, was sent.
|
| 1915-06-04-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
|
Wangenheim gives a review of a report by Johannes Ehmann, the parish priest from Harput, that the searches in Armenian houses did not turn up any incriminating evidence, but that the government was proceeding against the Dashnak and Hintshal Parties even though they were officially recognised. The Armenians had acquired weapons, thus raising the Moslems' distrust, but the enthusiasm for purchasing weapons had died down greatly during the past years, if not stopped altogether.
|
| 1915-06-04-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantiniople [en de]
|
|
Wangenheim refuses to pass on the telegram sent by Scheubner-Richter on behalf of Bishop Sembat to the Patriarch in Constantinople, but has the Patriarch informed of the contents.
|
| 1915-06-04-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-04-DE-004
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-05-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
|
Wangenheim reports on the government's communiqué which went beyond his draft and included details (such as the activity of Pasdirmadjan and Suren) that gave "the key to the deportation decreed by the government".
|
| 1915-06-06-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
|
|
According to Zimmermann, Lepsius would like to travel to Constantinople to "make it clear to the Armenian leaders there that their loyalty towards the Turkish government is a necessity".
|
| 1915-06-06-DE-012
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
|
|
The German consul inquired if it would not be possible to spare at least the women and children. In an answer from Constantinople, Talaat agreed to ask the local Vali about the circumstances of the Armenians in Aleppo. Mordtmann noted in a memo that he presented the matter to Talaat Bey in a form which eliminated its being wrongly interpreted. Talaat made it clear to him in this discussion that the Turkish government wished to make use of the world war to decimate its internal enemies, the local Christians of all confessions.
|
| 1915-06-07-DE-001
From "Wolffs Telegraphic Agency" [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-07-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
Wandel reports on the increasing media censorship, chauvinism, linguistic purification, and CUP propaganda efforts in Constantinople.
|
| 1915-06-09-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinopel (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [en de]
|
|
Wangenheim considers Lepsius' journey to Constantinople to be "inopportune", particularly as the Ottoman government does not want it to take place, either.
|
| 1915-06-09-DE-002
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt ) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-09-DE-003
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-09-DE-004
From German Consulate Constanza (Fendt) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-10-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-10-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-10-DE-011
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
All of 614 Armenians who were banned from Diarbekir were slaughtered on their journey by raft. Parts of corpses had been floating on the Euphrates for days. The Vali expressed his regret and held the Vali of Diarbekir responsible.
|
| 1915-06-11-DK-001
From Consulate Smyrna (Alfred van der Zee) to Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) [da de en]
|
|
Alfred van der Zee reports on blockade, bombardment, and arrests of Entente citizens at Smyrna, and how local citizens and consulates attempt to aid the prisoners.
|
| 1915-06-12-DE-001
From Johannes Lepsius to German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-12-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-12-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-12-DE-013
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The Catholicos of Sis stated that until now about 30,000 Armenians had been banned; generally, this included the entire population of the districts in question. The government went far beyond the necessary measures of prevention, risking considerable disadvantages with regard to the Peace Treaty.
|
| 1915-06-13-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
|
|
Zimmermann requests that Wangenheim overcomes the Porte's resistance to Lepsius' journey to Constantinople. Lepsius, who, according to Zimmermann, is an "easily tractable gentleman", would not undertake anything in Constantinople, which would not meet with the approval of Wangenheim and the Turkish statesmen; on the other hand, he would alleviate the apprehensions of the Armenians in Germany, even if he did not "achieve anything at all".
|
| 1915-06-13-DE-011
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The German vice-consul reports that the massacres of the Armenians in Vilayet Diarbekir could have unforeseeable consequences. Christians were practically outlawed. The venerable Chaldean Patriarch had been court-martialled by a simple policeman for no reason at all. The persecution of Christians in general and the massacres of the Armenians in particular must definitely cease.
|
| 1915-06-14-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-17-DE-001
From Johannes Lepsius to German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [en de]
|
|
Lepsius sends copies of two letters addressed to Wangenheim to the German Foreign Office.
|
| 1915-06-17-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-17-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
The deportations were being continued ruthlessly. It was also evident that the deportation was ”not only motivated by military considerations”. Talaat told Mordtmann that the elimination of the Armenians ”was also in the interest of the Germans, being allies of Turkey, as Turkey could be strengthened in this way”.
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-001
From Johannes Lepsius to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
The Chairman of the German Mission for the Orient gave the Foreign Office a telegram from Sofia on court-martial cases against prominent Armenians as well as the execution of 20 Hintshaks.
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
|
|
The Undersecretary of State in the Foreign Office in Berlin informed Wangenheim that loyal leaders of the Dashnaks were being threatened with a court-martial; he pleaded for the temporary postponement of possible death sentences. Mordtmann raised objections with Djanbulad Bey, Talaat’s right hand, who professed to have interrogated Framar, one of those executed, himself; the latter confessed to having been instructed to murder Talaat. Mordtmann had the impression that his diplomatic move had not served its purpose.
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-003
From German Foreign Office (Wesendonk) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-005
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Adana [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-006
From German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-007
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-013
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
According to the German administrator, the Armenians deported from Erzerum had been attacked by Kurds and most of them were killed. He requested instructions on ”what steps I should take in this matter and to prevent further slaughtering”.
|
| 1915-06-18-DE-016
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The German vice-consul reported that there were rumours of a revolt by the Armenians in Adana. Investigations by the German embassy in Constantinople showed that nothing was known there about to Armenian revolt.
|
| 1915-06-19-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-19-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) to German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) [de]
|
|
The deportation of the Armenian population from Mamuret ul Aziz was not intended, according to information from the Ministry of the Interior.
|
| 1915-06-20-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Schoenberg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-21-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-21-DE-002
From German Red Cross Hospital in Erzindjan (Dr. Theodor Colley) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-21-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) [de en tr]
|
|
The German vice-consul should make an urgent presentation to the Vali that the massacre of the defenseless population must cease, because this could result in acts of revenge by the Russians and the Armenians in the occupied districts. Wangenheim said that he would make similar presentations to the Porte.
|
| 1915-06-21-DE-013
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The moderate Vali of Aleppo, Djelal Bey, was transferred to Angora.
|
| 1915-06-22-DE-001
From Johannes Lepsius to German Foreign Office [en de]
|
|
Lepsius informs the German Foreign Office on the complete extent of the deportations and warns that under the pressure caused by the events the previously loyal Armenian Committees could turn to the Entente. For example, the evacuations in Cilicia caused the German companies to lose all of their workers. The American, Bulgarian and Greek consuls approached by the Armenians had replied that only the German government was in a position "to put a stop to this evil, because it alone had influence on the Turkish government".
|
| 1915-06-22-DE-002
From Johannes Lepsius to German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [en de]
|
|
Lepsius points out that negotiations with the Russian Armenians are possible; the cessation of the battles around Van and the waiver of the Russian Armenians to influence their Turkish countrymen is conceivable in return for the release of the 120 arrested Armenian leaders and intellectuals as well as the waiver of further deportations.
|
| 1915-06-22-DE-003
From Armenian-Catholic Bishop of Adana (Keklikian) to Armenian-Catholic Patriarch in Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-22-DE-013
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
About 300 families had been deported. Upon his intervention, the Vali had assigned 100 gendarmes to them.
|
| 1915-06-22-DE-014
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The Vali admitted that the events were ignominious and pointed out to the Supreme Command of the Army how unsafe the road was. The army, however, insisted that the deportations be continued.
|
| 1915-06-24-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
A journey by Lepsius to Constantinople was welcomed by the Armenian Patriarch. It should contribute towards achieving a favourable effect on Armenian circles. The Minister of the Interior, however, would not permit journeys into the country’s interior.
|
| 1915-06-25-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-25-DE-012
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
According to the German consul there were riots against the Armenians in Karahissar, and people in Trapezunt were being arrested for the purpose of deportation. The Vali had assured him explicitly that, under the exclusion of the Young Turk committees or private persons, the deportations were being carried out only by the authorities. Thus, the danger of riots was prevented.
|
| 1915-06-25-DE-013
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) [de]
|
|
The consul should recommend the protection of the deportees to the Vali ”in a friendly, but insistent manner”. Bergfeld replied that the Vali could not give any guarantees for the roads through the area controlled by the Dersim Kurds. Furthermore, it had been announced that all Armenians would be deported, with the exception of the sick.
|
| 1915-06-26-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-26-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-26-DE-013
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The Supreme Commander had given instructions that all Armenians were to be deported from Erzerum. This order can only be put down to racial hatred and will, no doubt, have serious consequences for the army, because all of the military craftsmen are Armenians.
|
| 1915-06-26-DE-014
From German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The head of the German orphanage begs for mercy for the innocent among the deported.
|
| 1915-06-27-DE-001
From Armenian Committee in Sofia to Johannes Lepsius [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-27-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-27-DE-011
From German Consulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
Due to general conspiracy and treason as well as devastation of some towns in Anatolia and the killing of their Muslim population, the government ordered the deportation of the entire Armenian population. As the Armenians owed the Germans large amounts, the German vice-consul requested that steps be taken to protect these assets.
|
| 1915-06-27-DE-013
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
|
|
In the Vilayet Trebizond alone approximately 30000 persons were affected by deportations. It is feared that there will be terrible sacrifices among the women and children, because 300 kilometres of the road are contaminated with typhoid fever. The Vali referred to instructions from Constantinople.
|
| 1915-06-28-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
|
|
The Undersecretary of State in the Foreign Office informed Wangenheim that according to information from Lepsius, Wramiam, a member of parliament, was to be taken to Constantinople to be executed. Lepsius requested intervention.
|
| 1915-06-28-DE-002
From German Missions Mamuret ul-Aziz (Ehmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-29-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) [en de]
|
|
Neurath informs the Director of the German Christian Charity-Organisation that he should contact the American Embassy in Berlin concerning the protection of the mission station in Van. The relocation of the Armenian population in East Anatolia "was decided upon by the Turkish government mainly for military reasons, to prevent the insurgency of those districts heavily populated by Armenians".
|
| 1915-06-29-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
|
Roessler reports on "the most horrible things against the Armenians" in Urfa and Diarbekir; only in Vilayet Aleppo was there still peace.
|
| 1915-06-29-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople to German Consulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-29-DE-004
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-29-DE-005
From German Red Cross Hospital in Erzindjan (Neukirch) [en de]
|
|
A German doctor, probably Neukirch, reports on his own perceptions during the deportation of the Armenians from Erzinjian, as well as on what he was told by a Turkish soldier concerning the slaughtering of about 3,000 women and children in the Kamakh gorge. He also repeats what the Mutessarif told him about the Armenian riots in Van and Karahissar.
|
| 1915-06-29-DE-016
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The German consul reported that the Armenian members of parliament, Zohrab and Wartkes, were to be sent to Diarbekir which would have meant ”their certain death”. Mordtmann noted that the situation in Diarbekir was very bad, according to statements made by the Patriarch in Constantinople. A dozen Armenians were beaten to death in the preliminary interrogations.
|
| 1915-06-29-DE-017
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
According to the German consul, he was of the same opinion as all of his colleagues that the deportation of women and children was tantamount to mass murder. He was endeavouring to achieve exceptions.
|
| 1915-06-30-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [en de]
|
|
Mordtmann reminds that, according to Talaat, the deportations are being used to destroy the Armenians. He draws up a memorandum to the Turkish government in which he makes a record of the fact that the Turkish government is striving to extend the deportations, which are no longer justified by military reasons. He wanted to make this clear to the Turkish government in his memorandum and draw its attention in particular to the German-Armenian institutions.
|
| 1915-06-30-DE-002
From Catholicos of the Armenians in Cicilie (Sahag II) to Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
|
|
The Catholicos explains to the ambassador that the suspicion was incorrect that the Armenians did not highly respect the Germans. He and the Armenian people were very grateful to Germany for its charitable institutions and also expressed this gratitude to the Emperor during his visit.
|
| 1915-06-30-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-30-DE-004
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-06-30-DE-013
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
3000 Armenians were murdered along the way.
|
| 1915-07-01-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-01-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-01-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzerum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-01-DE-004
From German Consulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-02-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [en de]
|
|
Wangenheim fears that Lepsius's journey "could cause us a great deal of inconvenience, particularly also through knowledge of the Armenians' terrible situation, and harm our other, more important interests" and advises that Lepsius be dissuaded from undertaking the journey. Zimmermann replies that Lepsius could not be moved to give up his journey, but that he would strictly follow the Embassy's orders.
|
| 1915-07-02-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-02-DE-011
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
On his way from Erzurum via Erzindjan, Schlimme, the German wartime volunteer, met "a gang of about 400 men with French-speaking leaders" who were obviously waiting for the Armenians from Erzurum. The Armenians from Erzindjan had been murdered in the hills behind the town.
|
| 1915-07-03-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
Wandel reports that the Young Turk hatred of aliens in general, and of Christians in particular, has become more and more obvious since the outbreak of the war and the abrogation of the capitulations. He mentions that Armenian Catholic institutions are being seized by the authorities, and that the Young Turks have created a council meant to administer the Armenian Catholic Church in the Ottoman Empire, thus gaining complete control over Catholic property in Turkey. The German and Austrian-Hungarian ambassadors acknowledge the radical and unwise nature of the Young Turk government and its actions, but claim that they are powerless.
|
| 1915-07-04-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-05-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-05-DE-006
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-06-DE-001
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-06-DE-002
From "Gazette de Lausanne" [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-06-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-06-DE-004
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-07-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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The German ambassador describes the further deportations and draws attention to the negative consequences of the deportations on the country’s economy and, thus, on German interests as well. With the aid of a memorandum he wished to ensure ”that we only approve of the deportations of the Armenian population insofar as they are necessary from a military point of view and serve to protect against riots”.
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| 1915-07-07-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-07-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-07-DE-005
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-07-DE-006
From German Consulate Erzerum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-08-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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According to Scheubner-Richter, despite the harshest protests his Armenian employees were deported, even though they were not accused of anything. This also showed how Turkey treated even its allies after the capitulations had been revoked. The embassy refused to intervene on behalf of the Armenian employees and adopted the Turkish arguments as its own that the Turkish employees had "influenced" the consul "in favour of the Armenians". Intervention in favour of the Armenian employees "might possibly even serve to worsen the fate of these people".
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| 1915-07-08-DE-007
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-08-DE-012
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Djemal Pasha gave strict orders to ensure the prevention of massacres. The consul leaves it to the ambassador’s discretion to act correspondingly to achieve the same results for the area covered by the other armies.
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| 1915-07-09-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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According to the ambassador, the consuls had reported from Aleppo and Erzerum on the massacre of Armenians and the destruction of Armenian villages and facilities. In Erzerum, the members of the Committee for Unity and Progress had set up a kind of secondary government.
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| 1915-07-09-DE-002
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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According to the German consul, the Sublime Porte took measures against the Armenians after the riot in Van. On 24 June, the local leaders of the Armenian committee were arrested, after which about 30000 Armenians were deported. During the first two days, the authorities had permitted many exceptions, but then revoked them ”apparently upon orders from Constantinople”. The Young Turk Committee was ”the driving force for the action taken against the Armenians”. Personal gains played a role here. Many Turks did not approve of the deportation. On the other hand, the Armenians, first and foremost the clergymen, had displayed ”a very unpleasant character”.
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| 1915-07-09-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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Scheubner-Richter informs that, in general, Chulussi, the Chief of Police, is considered to be the main culprit behind the massacres near Terdschan. In addition, the “Union and Progress” Committee plays a disastrous role as an alternative government.
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| 1915-07-09-DE-004
From Andréassian to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-10-DE-011
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
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He was informed by the former Mutessarrif of Mardin, wrote German vice-consul Holstein, that Reshid Bey, the Vali from Diarbekir, was raging in his Vilayet ”like an eager bloodhound” against the Christians. In one night he let 700 Armenians be ”slaughtered like sheep”, among them the bishop. According to the vice-consul, firm measures had to be taken against Reshid immediately.
|
| 1915-07-11-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-11-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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Accompanying letter in which Buege considers it to be unlikely that the Embassy will intervene, as requested by Dobbeler, and, thus, does not go any further into details.
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| 1915-07-11-DE-003
From Martha Koch to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-12-DE-001
From Dagavarian, A. to Ms. Wangenheim [en de]
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Two wives of arrested Armenian intellectuals requested an interview. Mordtmann recommended that the Ambassador give his support so that notice would be taken of the Armenians placed before a court-martial. Neurath, the Embassy Councillor, refused.
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| 1915-07-12-DE-002
From German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-12-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to Ottoman Ministry of the Interior [de]
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The German embassy demanded that measures be taken against Reshid Bey, the Vali from Diarbekir, because otherwise there was a danger that the lower Muslim classes would, for their part, carry out massacres against the Christians.
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| 1915-07-13-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Wangenheim encloses a report from the German eyewitness, Frieda Wolf Hunecke, and points out that this report has been left with both the Americans as well as the Armenian Patriarchat and will thus ”be circulated further”. Ms. Wolf Hunecke hid weapons for the Armenians in Everek and admitted this freely to the Embassy.
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| 1915-07-13-DE-002
From German Sonsulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-13-DE-003
From H. Andréassian to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-15-DE-011
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The village of Feinaurushabur, which was inhabited by Chaldean Christians, had been attacked by Kurds who massacred all the Christians.
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| 1915-07-16-DE-001
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-16-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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It followed from a report enclosed by the vice-consul in Samsun that ”on the one hand an Armenian conspiracy did in fact exist, but that, however, on the other hand, the rigorous measures of the Turkish government could not be regarded as justified”. According to the German ambassador, he wished to prevent the hostile press from one day ascribing a share of the blame to the Germans.
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| 1915-07-16-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The German ambassador wrote that he had to confirm Lepsius’ assessment of the situation. He regretted that despite German protests the Porte exposed the Armenians to ”annihilation”.
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| 1915-07-16-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Consulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) [de]
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According to the German ambassador, he thanked Kuckhoff for his explanations and stated that he agreed with the latter’s position. The attempts to ease the fate of the deported Armenians left little hope for success.
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| 1915-07-16-DE-012
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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According to the German vice-consul, the Vali from Mossul reported to him that the Vali from Diarbekir (Reshid Bey) had the Kaymakam from Midiat murdered, because the latter refused to massacre Christians. Although the local Vali had taken measures for the Vilayet Mossul that ”no massacres of Christians were to take place”, he was, nevertheless, afraid that it was already too late.
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| 1915-07-17-DE-001
From German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann ) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-17-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Roessler reports on deportation processions of Armenians and rampant illnesses; he further reports that burials were refused for the Armenians. The harsh orders obviously came from Fakhri Pasha. Pamphlets agitating against the Armenians were also being distributed, and this was being blamed on the Germans.
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| 1915-07-17-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [en de]
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According to the Armenian expert in the Embassy, he told Davitian, the Patriarchy’s representative, that the Turkish rulers probably considered the consequences of the measures carefully. The continuation of the deportations indicated that this was an irreversible decision against which it would be useless to take measures. The Catholic-Armenian Patriarch, on the other hand, told him that all the Armenians in Marzovan and Malatia had also been killed. He replied that nothing could be done about this.
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| 1915-07-17-DE-004
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roesler) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-18-DE-001
From German Embassy Washington (Bernstorff) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Accompanying letter from Bernstorff
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| 1915-07-19-DE-001
From [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-20-DE-001
From Walther Berghaus to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-21-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [en de]
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The Armenian expert reports on a conversation with the two nurses, Thora von Wedel-Jarlsberg and Eva Elvers, as well as both their and his own assessment with regard to the behaviour of Dr. Theodor Colley, the Red Cross doctor.
|
| 1915-07-21-DE-002
From [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-21-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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According to the Consul General and the expert on Armenia at the embassy, all attempts to exclude those Armenians from being deported who were in the service of the Germans or the Armenian relatives of German citizens had failed. In the case of Zimmer’s Armenian workers, Talaat had decided, ”Due to the bad example it would set, no exceptions could be permitted.”
|
| 1915-07-21-DE-012
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The misery of the deportees was indescribable. The German vice-consul stated that he had transferred 300 pounds to the government to improve their lot.
|
| 1915-07-22-DE-001
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinopel (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-22-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-24-DE-001
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-25-DE-001
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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In order to investigate rumours that large numbers of corpses were being washed by the Deirmendere River into the sea, Bergfeld rode along the river for four hours with his American colleague and found only a few corpses. According to his information, the Armenians deported during the first few days had arrived in Erzindjan “without the loss of even one person”, and for this reason Bergfeld considered “all rumours concerning wrongs against the Armenians deported from Trebizond to be unfounded”; he assumed that the dead in the river had died along the way by means of suicide or illness. However, according to the deleted passage in his report, members of the Committee had enriched themselves at the expense of the Armenians.
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| 1915-07-26-DE-001
From German Consulate Lausanne (Filsinger) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-26-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-07-27-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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Reports from witnesses whose authenticity he could guarantee confirmed the deportations from the south-eastern part of Turkey. In order to tighten the measures, Circassians and Kurds were deployed in part against the Armenians. There was no doubt that the Armenians Zohrab and Wartkes had been killed. In the opinion of large circles of the population, including the Muslims, the Germans were the initiators of these measures. He asked if it would not be possible to prevent further atrocities and to save at least those Armenians from the coastal strip of the Vilayet of Aleppo, whose deportation had not yet begun. With regard to the official publication that the Ottoman government would extend its protection ”to all honest Christians living peacefully in Turkey”, the German consul in Aleppo wrote, ”I can find no words to describe the depth of this untruth.”
|
| 1915-07-27-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-27-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-27-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Further corpses, mainly those of women and children, were floating down the Euphrates and eaten by dogs and vultures. The Foreign Office was to be informed so that official Turkish denials were not published in the German press. Hohenlohe’s answer: Everything possible had already been done and the Foreign Office had been informed.
|
| 1915-07-28-DE-001
From Thora von Wedel-Jarlsberg [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-28-DE-002
From German Consulate Smyrna (Humbert) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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Humbert asks if, at the request of the Archbishop, the Ambassador would be prepared to intercede with the sultan on behalf of the seven Armenians sentenced to death because they stored bombs. Hohenlohe-Langenburg replies that, naturally, he could not intercede on behalf of persons who were found guilty of treasonous actions.
|
| 1915-07-28-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to Consulat Mosul (Holstein) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-28-DE-004
From Osmanischer Lloyd (Schrader) to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-28-DE-014
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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There was a revolt by the Chaldean and Syrian population between Mardin and Midiat, as well as one by the Yesids from Sindjar.
|
| 1915-07-28-DE-015
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de en tr]
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After a secondary government had first aggravated the deportations which, until then, had been relatively humane, the Supreme Commander of the 3rd Army now also began to carry out stricter deportations. The actual words of a leading personality were, that after the war there would not be ”any more Armenians in Turkey”. Almost all of the military and government officials were to be counted among the extremists. The people, on the other hand, feared that economic distress would break out.
|
| 1915-07-29-DE-003
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-07-30-DE-001
From "The Times" [en de]
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Lord Cromer writes that the German officials in Turkey showed a cynical disregard of the massacres of the Armenians and warns that, should Germany win the present war, it would dominate in Turkey at the expense of the Christians and Moslems there.
|
| 1915-07-30-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
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There were further eviction orders, according to the German consul, who requested of the Turkish government that it at least postpone the deportations. In addition, the Armenians in several towns were prepared to buy themselves off from persecution with a payment of 10,000 pounds each, or at least to receive permission to emigrate. Mordtmann added in a memo that the Patriarch in Constantinople had made similar suggestions to the Grand Vizier at some point in the past, receiving as an answer, ”Are you trying to threaten us?”
|
| 1915-07-31-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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Report on the revolts by the Christian population in Vilayet Diarbekir, the persecutions of the Yesids and the revolts by the Shamm Arabs and Kurds.
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| 1915-07-31-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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A priest sent to Der-es-Zor reports on the fate of about 15000 deportees for whom there is hardly enough money to pay for their food. Roessler reports on new deportations which are now to be sent to Syria. According to Roessler, the German Mission for the Orient in Urfa reported, “Women and children pass by here – a new kind of death march. Complete annihilation is certain.”
|
| 1915-07-31-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-01-DE-001
From German Consulate Mossul (Holstein) to German embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-01-DE-002
From German consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-02-DE-001
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-02-DE-002
From Chemin de Fer Ottoman d’Anatolie (Guenther) to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-02-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) [de]
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|
The German ambassador stated that all the steps taken to protect the Christians in the eastern provinces had turned out to be useless; thus, he would have to refrain from further steps that were meant to protect the Armenians in particular.
|
| 1915-08-03-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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A figure of about 40000 had been reached for those Armenians previously deported from western Asia Minor; should this now include the large towns and coastal strips, the figure would rise to 150000. If no measures of assistance were introduced from outside Turkey, thousands would starve.
|
| 1915-08-04-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
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Zimmermann instructs Wangenheim to collect suitable material for a White Book which may possibly become necessary "to justify our position", whereby it would be important to "demonstrate that there actually was an Armenian movement in Turkey with many branches which was hostile to the state, the suppression of which was a matter of self-preservation for the Supreme Porte". It should further be proved what had been done by the Germans to "ease the suffering of those affected".
|
| 1915-08-04-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [en de]
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Mordtmann reports on details concerning the deportations of the Armenians in the district of Izmid as well as on the Black Sea coast.
|
| 1915-08-04-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzerum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-05-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de en tr]
|
|
As instructed, he kept his protests in the form of a friendly piece of advice. The Vali agreed with him, but was powerless, because he was under the command of the Turkish Supreme Commander. Large circles of the Turkish population who were sensibly thinking people disapproved of the policy of extermination. If the Armenians had wanted to defend themselves, the appropriate moment to do so would have been January 1915, when the Russians were only 35 kilometres from Erzerum and there were only a few hundred Turkish police stationed in Erzerum as opposed to three to four thousand Armenians in labour battalions. But they had remained calm, as did most of the deportees later on, who ”meekly” allowed themselves to be slaughtered.
|
| 1915-08-05-DE-003
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
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It was considered certain that the Bishop of Kharput was murdered together with several priests and the sister of one of them between Diarbekir and Urfa. The sister carried the silver sacred objects with her, which fell prey to the gendarmes. The Embassy informed Monseignor Sayeghian verbally of this, who was to keep the source a secret should the information be used.
|
| 1915-08-05-DE-004
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-06-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople to General Consulate Smyrne [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-06-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-06-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Humann) [de en tr]
|
|
According to the German naval attaché and personal friend of Enver, Hans Humann, Enver said in an interview that the Armenians had not been exterminated, which would not have been the worst thing possible, because ”a small number would always remain”, but that they had been distributed throughout Turkey ”so that, for better or for worse, they would have to merge into the Turkish elements of the country”. Enver cited the warnings to the Patriarch, and the speech by the Russian Foreign Secretary in the Duma, who spoke of the ”loyal” Armenians. The Armenians had raged so thoroughly against the Ottoman population that of the 150,000 Turks in Vilayet Van only 30,000 Muslims were left alive. He had taken the point of view in the government that an attempt should be made to get along well and peacefully with the Armenians; however, that draconian measures would be taken in the event of the smallest incident in the Eastern Armenian centres, because the Army had to have the assurance that there was no enemy at its back.
|
| 1915-08-07-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-07-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-07-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-07-DE-004
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-07-DE-005
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-07-DE-006
From Mekhitarists from Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
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The Mechitarists give information on what has been reported to them by eyewitnesses, among others a Turk, concerning the deportations of the Armenians, particularly along the Black Sea, but also from other regions.
|
| 1915-08-09-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-10-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Scheubner-Richter) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
According to the German Vice-Consul in Erzerum, the Armenians were the people at the highest economical and cultural level in eastern Anatolia, strongly under French influence. Russia in particular had been able to win the Armenians to their side by means of propaganda, and until the present Germany had little to counter this with. He would have considered it the best solution to the Armenian problem for the Turks to succeed – with the help of the Russian Armenians – in capturing those border districts inhabited by the Armenians and, thus, to join those parts of Armenia which were under Russian as well as Turkish sovereignty. Now, such a union seemed hardly possible any longer, although the problems were more on the Turkish than on the Armenian side.
|
| 1915-08-10-DE-002
From Chemin der Fer Ottoman d’Anatolie (Guenther) to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-11-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
|
Roessler presents a report from Kuenzler in Urfa and describes his intervention on behalf of the Armenian pharmacist at the German Hospital in Urfa.
|
| 1915-08-11-DE-002
From German Embassy constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-11-DE-003
From General Consulate Constantinople (Mertens) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-11-DE-004
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinopel (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-11-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Trebizond; German Consulate Erzurum; German Consulate Aleppo; German Consulate Adana; German Consulate Mosul [de en tr]
|
|
The Armenian atrocities had reached such a proportion that we had expressed ”our definite disapproval”. Firm steps had to be taken against the assumption which was made in various corners that Germany was the initiator of these atrocities.
|
| 1915-08-12-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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Urgent protests had to be made to the Sublime Porte against ”the systematic slaughter” of the Armenians, particularly since other Christians were also affected by this and lately the Armenians in Ismit as well. The Armenian population of Constantinople was especially infuriated by this. When he was given the memorandum, Talaat assured that the Armenians of Constantinople would not be deported. According to the recommendation of the German ambassador, the German press should make it clear that the German government ”without doubt does not approve of the enforced measures against the Armenians”, because more and more often the Turkish population was of the opinion ”that the German government is in agreement with the extermination of the Armenians and was even the instigator of it”.
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| 1915-08-12-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [en de]
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The Vali Hakki Bey, who, according to the judgement of a Turkish officer, had particularly “useful” characteristics for such business, returned from suppressing an Armenian revolt near Marash. There was no doubt that the reason for this punitive expedition suited the government “extremely well”. A government that “gave such bloody proof 6 years ago that it has these views” was capable of wishing “to exterminate everything that is Armenian”.
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| 1915-08-12-DE-004
From Consulate General Costantinople (Mertens) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-12-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The number of Armenians killed was estimated by the Armenians in Aleppo to be at least 200000, but probably more. Most of the men were killed by the gendarmes, not by Kurds. Despite Djemal’s orders, those banned were also killed in Vilayet Aleppo under pressure from the committee.
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| 1915-08-13-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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According to information given by the Vali Beshir Bey, Catholic Armenians are now also no longer exempt from deportation.
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| 1915-08-13-DE-002
From Deutsche Bank ((Branche Constantinople)) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-13-DE-003
From German Military Station Osmanié in Constantinople (Schlee) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-13-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The court-martial in Constantinople summoned Boghos Nubar Pasha. The proceedings were not to be taken seriously, but they did entail a hidden reproach against Germany, because Nubar’s activity in the reform question was also brought up, in which he had been supported by Germany.
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| 1915-08-14-DE-001
From Pastor Strahl to German Embassy Constantinopel [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-14-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Damascus [de]
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According to the German ambassador, the consul in Damascus was to remind Djemal of his orders, because riots were once again taking place against the Armenians in Vilayet Aleppo.
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| 1915-08-14-DE-012
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
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The German Vice-Consul said that he had not heard that the Germans were the initiators of the atrocities against Christians. On the other hand, the point of view was widely believed that Germany was not undertaking any measures to ensure that the guilty were punished. Everyone knew that the Vali of Diarbekir ”is the instigator of the terrible crimes committed on the Christians in his Vilayet”. Not until we have forced the Porte to ruthlessly demand that the criminals who are sitting in official positions in Diarbekir, Mardin, Seert, etc., account for these allegations and to do so as quickly as possible, only then will they drop the suspicions held against us. The world has never experienced such atrocities as those committed in Vilayet Diarbekir.
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| 1915-08-14-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
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A detailed report on the Young Turk's systematic and large-scale attempt at Turkifying the Ottoman Empire on every level of society, on widespread anti-Christian sentiments and xenophobia instrumentalized by the CUP, on Islamization, "Turkey for Turks," and general persecution of Armenians and Greeks.
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| 1915-08-14-DK-002
From Danish Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Eric Scavenius) [da de en]
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Wandel reports on Ottoman censorship of diplomatic correspondence and the counter-measures used by the Danish legation.
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| 1915-08-15-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-15-DE-012
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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According to the German consul, the Armenians in the east were already practically annihilated; the fate of those from the west was still unsure, because those public officials who were appointed to implement these measures did not know themselves what the government wants.
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| 1915-08-16-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The consul reported that the deportations from Marash had begun, and he requested that exceptions be made for the teachers and students there from the German Charity-Organisation.
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| 1915-08-17-DE-001
From German consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-17-DE-002
From Anatoliam Railway (Günther) to German embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-17-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) [de]
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According to the German ambassador, the authorities had agreed to protect all personnel and the students at the German institutions in Marash.
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| 1915-08-18-DE-002
From German Legation Sofia (Michahelles) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-19-DE-012
From An Armenian) to Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
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In a letter presented by the papal delegate, Monsignore Dolci, an Armenian describes the deportation of the Catholic Armenians from Ismidt. The poorer classes, in particular, were suffering and had to sell their children for about one Mark and their 15- to 20-year-old daughters for four Marks. The Armenian requested that three Catholic priests and five nuns who had been left behind at the train station be sent to Constantinople. Mordtmann learned from the Ministry of the Interior that privileges for Catholic Armenians had been revoked again.
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| 1915-08-20-DE-001
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office [en de]
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The director of the German Charity-Organisation for the Orient sends six reports to the German Foreign Office made by German eyewitnesses to the genocide and requests assistance so that the German schools can keep their teachers. Furthermore, he wishes to journey to Constantinople, but the Embassy strongly advises him not to do so.
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| 1915-08-20-DE-003
From Vicar Strahl to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-20-DE-004
From Deutsche Bank Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-21-DE-001
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-21-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-21-DE-003
From Société de Transport Internationaux to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-21-DE-011
From Baghdad Railway Company (Franz Johannes Guenther) to Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de en tr]
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Accompanying letter. Mordtmann reports on statements made by the Germans Zabel and Hollbach who observed the deportation processions and went over their routes.
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| 1915-08-23-DE-001
From Rudolf Zabel to Johannes Mordtmann [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-23-DE-002
From Deutsche Orientbank branche Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-23-DE-011
From Mekhitarist Priest to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Mordtmann attempted to intervene with Talaat in the matter of a petition made by a Mechitarist priest on behalf of the Protestant and Catholic Armenians from Izmid and Baktchedjik, who had been promised that they would be spared, but who had already been deported to Eskishehir and Konia. Talaat evaded the issue and made no commitments whatsoever. Aziz doubted whether Talaat would give the corresponding order.
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| 1915-08-23-DE-012
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The Armenian Catholic Bishop Keklikian inquired if the Catholic and Protestant Armenians had been exempted from the deportation. Mordtmann replied that the Porte had recently agreed to let them remain, but then revoked this for Angora and Adana. Although further steps were being taken, their success seemed doubtful.
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| 1915-08-23-DE-013
From Stange to German Military Mission in Turkey [de en tr]
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Stange, the German lieutenant colonel, reports on the deportations from Erzurum, on his knowledge of the deportations from other towns, and gives his assessment of those responsible in Erzurum. His conclusion: ”The expulsion and annihilation of the Armenians was decided on by the Committee of the Young Turks in Constantinople, was well organised by them and carried out with the help of members of the Army and of voluntary bands.”
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| 1915-08-24-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-24-DE-002
From German Consulate Generale Constantinopel (Mertens) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-25-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Against the Minister’s orders, Djemal Pasha was also having Protestant Armenians deported.
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| 1915-08-26-DE-002
From Franz Apell-Dörr to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-26-DE-003
From Heinrich Jansen to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-26-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to Chemin de Fer d'Anatolie (Guenther) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-26-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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On 19 August, an Armenian killed three policemen in Urfa. The mob then killed about 200 Armenians and Syrians.
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| 1915-08-26-DE-012
From German Consulate Damascus (Loytved Hardegg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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The German consul reports on his attempts to contact Djemal Pasha. A total of 60,000 Armenians are supposedly to be deported to the province of Damascus.
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| 1915-08-27-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-27-DE-003
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Bergfeld reports that the last Armenians have now been deported and probably murdered just outside the town. The Vali was endeavouring to soften the measures against the Armenians, but he was obviously helpless against his officials and the police organs, who were enriching themselves “in a most shameful manner”.
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| 1915-08-27-DE-004
From Company Société de Transports Internationaux to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-27-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Jerusalem [de]
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At the Porte’s order, the Protestant Armenians were exempted from the deportation. The German consul is to obtain a counter-order from Djemal Pasha against the deportation which was, in fact, carried out.
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| 1915-08-27-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Aleppo [de]
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He requested the consulate in Jerusalem to lodge a protest with Djemal Pasha. According to the Porte, the exemptions for the Catholic and Protestant Armenians applied only to the Armenians in the town of Aleppo, but not to those in the Vilayet. Talaat stated that the Vilayet was to be made Turkish again.
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| 1915-08-27-DE-013
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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According to the German consul, the remaining Armenians in Trapezunt were now also being exiled. The Vali was powerless and the former inspector of the Committee, Nai Bey, had been relieved of his duties. The public officials and the police were enriching themselves in the most shameful manner during the evacuation of the Armenian houses and it was to be feared that in due course the Greek population would receive the same treatment.
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| 1915-08-28-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-28-DE-003
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-28-DE-004
From Deutsche Bank branche Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinopel [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-28-DE-011
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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According to the consul, Armenians who were originally left behind, such as officials of the Ottoman Bank, the Regie and single women, were now also being deported and apparently murdered at the edge of town. He submitted that the establishment of a court-martial be proposed.
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| 1915-08-29-DE-001
From German Information Service for the Orient (Oppenheim, Max Baron von) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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In his presentation of the Armenian question, Oppenheim is of the opinion that, because of their behaviour, Turkey was justified in the measures it took against the Armenians, even if atrocities were committed against innocent people.
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| 1915-08-30-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinopel [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-30-DE-002
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-30-DE-003
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-30-DE-004
From Deutsche Orientbank branche Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-31-DE-001
From Vicar Strahl to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-31-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-31-DE-003
From to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-08-31-DE-004
From Deutsche Orientbank Branche Konstantinopel to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-08-31-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Goeppert) [de]
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On 30 August 1915, the ambassador visited the Grand Vizier in order to protest against the action taken against the Armenians. On the next day, the Armenian Catholic Patriarch called on the ambassador and presented him with deportation orders from the governor of Adana. Talaat came to the embassy to inform the ambassador that the deportation orders had been revoked and all of the measures against the Armenians had been cancelled, because ”the Armenian question no longer exists”.
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| 1915-08-31-DE-012
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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The deportation of Protestant Armenians was unofficially postponed for a week.
|
| 1915-09-01-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
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According to information from the German Charity-Organisation, the institutions in Mamuret-ul-Aziz, Marash and Haruniye were endangered. Zimmermann requested that everything possible be done to ensure that the institutions would not be closed and the orphans would not be removed.
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| 1915-09-01-DE-002
From Deutsche Orientbank Branche Konstantinopel to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-09-01-DE-003
From Company Schenker & Co to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-02-DE-002
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office [en de]
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Accompanying letter in which Schuchardt calls the Armenians' revolt an act of desperation. In his answer, Zimmermann refuses to give the requested letters of recommendation.
|
| 1915-09-02-DE-003
From German Consulat Mersina (Christmann) to German Consulate Adana (Buege) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-09-02-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-02-DE-005
From Armenian-Catholic Patriarchate (Terzian XIII) [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-02-DE-006
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-02-DK-001
From Consulate Smyrna (Alfred van der Zee) to Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) [da de en]
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Danish consul at Smyrna, Alfred van der Zee, reports on the general state of affairs in the Smyrna region and on the lack of persecution of Armenians there which he explains with the resistance by the Governor General, Rahmi Bey, to follow orders.
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| 1915-09-02-DK-002
From Danish Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen [da de en]
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E. Nobel, Danish tobacco company, tries to get the Danish legation at Constantinople to aid them in their attempt to get permission for Mikael Missirian, Ottoman Armenian merchant from Samsun, to leave the Ottoman Empire. Wandel advises against legation involvement for various reasons, one being that the Ottoman government does not allow Armenians to leave the country for political reasons. On the Missirian family, see also, e.g., 1915-09-03-DE-003
|
| 1915-09-03-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Adana (Buege) [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-03-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Roessler reports on the continuation of the deportations and murders not only of Armenians, but also of other Christians. He lists these according to reports on the events in different regions, which are included as enclosures. Permission from Djemal for Armenians to leave the country turned out to be a trick.
|
| 1915-09-03-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-03-DK-001
From Consulate Smyrna (Alfred van der Zee) to Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) [da de en]
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In continuation of 1915-09-02-DK-001, Alfred van der Zee briefly reports on how Rahmi Bey, Governor General of Smyrna, has left for Constantinople to, among other subjects, inquire about the Armenians.
|
| 1915-09-03-DK-002
From Danish Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen [da de en]
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Wandel reports how Danish tobacco company E. Nobel has requested that the Danish legation at Constantinople confirms to the relevant authorities that goods stored in the Black Sea port city of Samsun belongs to the company. These goods are stored at storage facilities owned by the Armenian Missirian family (see, e.g., 1915-09-02-DK-002; 1915-09-03-DE-003), and the Danish company is apparently concerned that their goods will be confiscated by the Ottoman authorities as part of the general process of confiscation of property in Armenian possession that accompanies the physical destruction of the Armenians.
|
| 1915-09-04-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
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The German ambassador stated that Talaat presented him with the enclosed telegrams which were to prove that the deported Armenians were being well treated and fed, and that no more were to be deported. The consuls’ reports spoke of quite the opposite. For this reason, the telegrams should not be given to the press. It is clear from Mordtmann’s notes that the telegrams had only been sent incomplete. At the request of the Armenian Patriarch that the deportations be limited and relief action permitted, Neurath notes that these points could be raised at some point, but that frequent intervention would only weaken their effect.
|
| 1915-09-04-DE-001
From Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to the Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
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The German ambassador stated that Talaat presented him with the enclosed telegrams which were to prove that the deported Armenians were being well treated and fed, and that no more were to be deported. The consuls’ reports spoke of quite the opposite. For this reason, the telegrams should not be given to the press. It is clear from Mordtmann’s notes that the telegrams had only been sent incomplete. At the request of the Armenian Patriarch that the deportations be limited and relief action permitted, Neurath notes that these points could be raised at some point, but that frequent intervention would only weaken their effect.
|
| 1915-09-04-DE-002
From Helene Maria Anna Tschilinguirian to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-04-DE-003
From Deutsche Orientbank Branche Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-04-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople to Deutsche Orientbank Branche Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-04-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
The first report where Wandel fully acknowledges that the Young Turk anti-Armenian policy is in fact aimed at the complete extermination of the Ottoman Armenians. Using the Armenian Catholic Patriarchate, the Spanish minister in Constantinople, del Arroyo, and other sources, Wandel refers to deportations and massacres of particularly Catholic Armenians all over the Empire, and reproduces a French translation of the public deportation order from Adana in full. Also, the report deals with the question of German co-responsibility for the persecutions, and with the role of the persecutions of the Ottoman Greeks as part of what he calls the overall Young Turk xenophobic and chauvinistic policy. Furthermore, it deals with the apparent fact that the genocidal campaign, led by the true leaders of the Empire, i.e. the Young Turks, and carried out in cooperation with the provincial authorities, is at least partly opposed by, or is carried out without the full knowledge or consent of, (parts of) the central government.
|
| 1915-09-05-DE-001
From German Correspondente of the "Kölnische Zeitung" to German Foreign Office [en de]
|
|
The correspondent from the Cologne Newspaper [very probalby Harry Stuermer] describes the differences in the deportations according to the various regions and attempts to show the political connection. These were by no means just incursions; even the pro-Turkish Germans would confirm "that they had it in for the Armenians as a whole". The annihilation of the Armenians was "a drastic symptom of the predominant Turkish spirit". Turkey was determined "to create a purely Turkish national state". The Armenians could not be deported abroad to a Western country, because they "know everything that is happening in the interior".
|
| 1915-09-06-DE-001
From German Consulate Alexandretta (Hoffmann) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
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Hoffmann reports on the deportation of the Armenians from Alexandrette and the surrounding villages, the conditions of the deportation, the connections between deserters and the surrounding mountain regions, and points out the economic problems connected with the deportation.
|
| 1915-09-06-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
7 Armenians were murdered near Ulu-Kischla, 120 near Caesarea, and 62 young women were dragged off. The authorities used this opportunity to increase their wealth.
|
| 1915-09-06-DE-003
From German embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-06-DE-004
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-07-DE-001
From German Missions in Mamuret ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-07-DE-002
From [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-07-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Trebizond [de]
|
|
The Porte had informed most of the Vilayets that court proceedings would be taken against acts of violence against the Armenians.
|
| 1915-09-08-DE-003
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-09-DE-001
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
As reported by Turkish troops and confirmed by the Chaldean Patriarch, all of the Christians in Djezireh were massacred a week ago by Kurds who had been hired by Feyzi Bey, the Deputy of Diarbekir.
|
| 1915-09-09-DE-002
From German Consulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
The Turkish authorities regarded all inquiries by the consulate, such as about the padres or the Catholic nuns, as interference in inner matters. The news from the interior was shocking: whoever did not convert to Islam was killed or died of privation. Neither Nebukadnezar nor Abdul Hamid, Timor Leng or Djingis Khan had managed to eradicate a people spread out over a wide country so completely within just a few weeks.
|
| 1915-09-09-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Adana (Buege) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-09-DE-005
From Franz Apell-Dörr to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-09-DE-011
From German Consulate Trebizond (Bergfeld) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The consul stated that he did not see any chance of success in approaching the Vali.
|
| 1915-09-09-DE-012
From German Consulate General Jerusalem (Schmidt) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The Supreme Commander informed him that he was only responsible for the military execution of the orders passed.
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| 1915-09-09-DE-013
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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|
The consul reported that the government seemed to have given orders to leave the Armenians in their places of residence. However, their need is constantly increasing and help, for example through the Patriarch, is becoming ever more urgent. Mordtmann noted that the Patriarch had already inquired whether the German consulates could take over the distribution of relief actions. This will cause the consulates a lot of trouble. Thus, it would be better not to mediate. Neurath agreed to this.
|
| 1915-09-09-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
Using reports from the Danish consul in Smyrna, Alfred van der Zee, as his source, Wandel describes the situation in the city of Smyrna, and in the Vilayet Aidin in general. The situation in the Vilayet is critical, especially regarding economy and security due to the allied navy blockade and Ottoman deserters, but as opposed to the general situation in the rest of Asia Minor, the Vali, Rahmi bey, refuses to carry out the centrally planned persecutions of the Armenians.
|
| 1915-09-10-DE-002
From J. Belart-Lanz to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-10-DE-011
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
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|
According to the German consul in Adana, the orders that the Armenians receive better supplies was an audacious deception. The inspector sent there, Ali Munif Bey, brought with him counter-orders which naturally were followed by the authorities.
|
| 1915-09-10-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
Wandel reports on the latest example of how the Ottoman government attempts to raise funds amidst economic crisis: due to Entente bombardments that are described as violating international law, the Ottoman authorities arrest Russian subjects and aim at extracting compensation for material losses from Entente citizens in the Empire.
|
| 1915-09-11-DE-001
From Franz Apell-Dörr to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-11-DE-002
From Wiener Bank-Verein Filiale Konstantinopel to German embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-11-DE-003
From Walther Berghaus to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-11-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
Consul Holstein reported that Kurds hired by the Deputy of Diarbekir, Feyzi Bey, slaughtered the entire Christian population of the town of Djeziré, which in 1891 amounted to about 10,000 people.
|
| 1915-09-12-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
Pastor Ehmann sent a telegram that work at the orphanage was being continued without any disruptions. According to the consulate in Aleppo, the German institutions in Marash were also working smoothly.
|
| 1915-09-12-DE-002
From German Legation Sofia (Michahelles) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-12-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The Vali understood the instructions to mean that only the Protestant and Catholic Armenians from Aleppo itself were not to be deported. This halt did not apply to the others.
|
| 1915-09-13-DE-001
From German Embsassy Constantinople (Neurath) to Sublime Porte [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-13-DE-002
From Deutsche Orientbank to German Embassy Ckonstantinople [de]
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|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-13-DE-011
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The measures against the Armenians were tightened.
|
| 1915-09-14-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
|
According to the German consul in Adana, the orders that the Armenians receive better supplies was an audacious deception. The inspector sent there, Ali Munif Bey, brought with him counter-orders which naturally were followed by the authorities. The number of murdered Armenians had already surpassed the number of victims in 1909. Ismail Safa, the Committee leader, threatened general massacres if the Armenians were not deported. Hohenlohe-Langenburg writes that it was true that certain privileges were later restricted again. It appeared as if the provincial authorities were often under the influence of Committee leaders who were not responsible. There was no proof that the notifications were meant to "audaciously deceive" the Embassy.
|
| 1915-09-14-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
According to Consul Roessler, the Armenians were starving despite the Porte’s orders. He submitted intervening once again so that at least the Protestants and Catholics could stay. Mordtmann noted, ”Not accepted.”
|
| 1915-09-15-DE-002
From Bagdhad Railway to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-15-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Adana (Buege) [de]
|
|
Talaat promised that Adana would be ordered to exempt the circles mentioned from deportation.
|
| 1915-09-16-DE-001
From Chemin de Fer d'Anatolie to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-16-DE-002
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Konstantinopel [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-16-DE-003
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-16-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Consulate Aleppo [de]
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|
The German ambassador reported that, once again, he brought up the subject of the state of emergency of the Armenian deportees. Talaat promised to give material assistance, but refused to allow the Catholics and the Protestants to remain.
|
| 1915-09-17-DE-001
From German Legation Sofia (Michahelles) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-17-DK-001
From Consulate Smyrna (Alfred van der Zee) to Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) [da de en]
|
|
Report on the return to Smyrna of Rahmi Bey. See also 1915-09-02-DK-001; 1915-09-03-DK-001.
|
| 1915-09-18-DE-001
From German Reichstag (Matthias Erzberger) to German Foreign Office (Bergen) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-18-DE-002
From Franz Apell-Dörr to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-18-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-19-DK-001
From Legation Konstantinopel (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
Wandel reports that after the persecutions of Ottoman Greeks and Armenians, the Ottoman Jews may be next. The Young Turks are especially worried about the Zionists in Palestine and initiates deportations of Jews from Jaffa until these deportations are halted due to the combined pressure of the German and the American ambassadors at Constantinople, Wangenheim and Morgenthau. Wandel believes that this may not be the end of the persecutions of Ottoman Jews, whether Zionist or not, as ill-feeling still exists in the CUP and the general population against Ottoman Jews due to the radical nature of the CUP, and because Jewish merchants could make convenient scapegoats for the economic misery in the Empire.
|
| 1915-09-20-DE-001
From [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-20-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople to Patriarch Terzian XIII [de]
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|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-20-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
Wandel receives a report from Danish consul at Smyrna, Alfred van der Zee, on the attempted assassination of Enver Pasha at Afion Karahissar. Wandel uses this incident to elaborate on Enver Pasha's military record during the Balkan War and World War I as both a campaigner and a reformer, and to underline what he, Wandel, believes to be the crucial role of Enver Pasha for the Ottoman Empire.
|
| 1915-09-21-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-21-DE-002
From Embassy of Austria-Hungaria to Turkish Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-21-DE-003
From Sublime Porte to German embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-21-DE-004
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-21-DE-005
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-21-DE-006
From German Foreign Office to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-21-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
In continuation of an earlier report on the attempted assassination of Enver Pasha, Wandel mentions other attempted assassinations of CUP members and concludes that these incidents are reflections of hidden conspiracies and general dissatisfaction among parts of the population.
|
| 1915-09-22-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-22-DE-002
From German Consulate Basel (Wunderlich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-22-DE-011
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de]
|
|
The Undersecretary of State at the Foreign Office requests that the Porte be reminded that the orders they have passed be pursued vigourously.
|
| 1915-09-22-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
In this report, Wandel reiterates that the Young Turks are pursuing a policy of extermination of the Ottoman Armenians, a nationalist and xenophobic policy Wandel believes will most likely lead to ”national suicide.” The report also deals with the issue of German co-responsibility for Young Turk extremism, and with the issue of the strained Turkish-German relations. Finally, Wandel attempts to give an account of the history, internal dynamics, goals, enemies, and most important members of the true government of the Ottoman Empire, i.e. the Central Committee of the CUP.
|
| 1915-09-23-DE-001
From "Daily Chronicle" [en de]
|
|
The "Daily Chronicle" calls the Armenians the "seventh allies", describes their deployment in the Allied armies, refers to the history of the reforms and complains that in Great Britain the interest in the Armenians is so low.
|
| 1915-09-23-DE-002
From Walther Berghaus to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-24-DE-001
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-24-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-24-DE-003
From Allince Branche Constantinople (Courtelly) to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-24-DE-004
From Firma Lucks & Plathner to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-25-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
Despite the orders of the Ottoman government, the deportations continued. Talaat readily promised to take remedial action, but the ambassador did not believe that the orders from the central office would bring about an improvement in the situation of the Armenians.
|
| 1915-09-26-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
In continuation of earlier reports, Wandel relates how the relationship between the Ottoman authorities on the one hand and the Papal and Spanish delegates on the other hand is worsening. The reason is that the persecution of Catholics in the Empire increases as part of the Ottoman authorities' overall aim, as expressed by Wandel, of cleansing the Empire of "foreigners."
|
| 1915-09-27-DE-001
From German Royal Chief Religious Official (Dryander) to German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-27-DE-002
From Deutsche Bank Branche Konstantinopel to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-27-DE-014
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) [de en tr]
|
|
The German consul reported on the misery of the deportation trains which passed through Aleppo, and on the burial of the dead and dying. He further reported on the fate of the remaining Christians, especially from the region surrounding Mardin. 18 people were hanged in Marash. The revolt in Suediye was not yet over.
|
| 1915-09-28-DE-001
From Political Section in the General Staff of the Army (Nadolny) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-28-DE-002
From German Information Service for the Orient (Schabinger von Schowingen) to German Foreign Office (Wesendonk) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-29-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-29-DE-002
From Austrian-Hungarian Embassy Constantinoplel to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-29-DE-003
From German embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-29-DE-004
From Firma Lucks & Plathner to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-30-DE-001
From "The Times" [en de]
|
|
A Special Correspondent of “The Times” reported about a systematic massacre of a whole population and asked the British government that exemplary justice shall be done, including the Grand Vizier, Talaat and other Ministers.
|
| 1915-09-30-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Hohenlohe-Langenburg) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
The Porte telegraphically ordered that the Armenian teachers in the German institution in Haruniye remain there.
|
| 1915-09-30-DE-003
From German Newspaper Publishers (Friedrich Faber) to Foreign Office (Zimmermann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-30-DE-004
From "The Westminster Gazette" [en de]
|
|
The correspondent in Cairo reports on the deportations of the Armenians. German consuls such as Roessler had also personally conducted the events in Aintab.
|
| 1915-09-30-DE-005
From Franz Apell-Dörr to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-09-30-DE-006
From German Consulate Samsun (Kuckhoff) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-01-DE-001
From Tyszka) to the Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
Tyszka, the German journalist, reported in detail on his investigations.
|
| 1915-10-01-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-01-DE-003
From "The Westminster Gazette" [en de]
|
|
Massacres of Armenians continue. It is estimated there are up to now more than 800000 victims. German Consuls have taken part in organising the massacres.
|
| 1915-10-01-DE-004
From German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [de en tr]
|
|
The Legation Secretary at the Foreign Office in Berlin noted that he urgently pointed out the reasons to the Turkish embassy councillor, Edhem Bey, particular the economic ones, which spoke in favour of considerate treatment of the Armenians. The latter indicated that the Armenians had killed 180000 Muslims in the rear of the Turks. The evacuation of the Armenians had been carried out solely for military reasons.
|
| 1915-10-01-DE-005
From German Legation Bern (Romberg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-01-DE-006
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
|
Buege passes on twelve reports on the deportations which officials from the consulate have recorded based on occurrences in the administrative district or on statements made by Armenians passing through.
|
| 1915-10-02-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Missions Mamuret ul-Aziz, (Johannes Ehmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-02-DE-002
From Deutsche Orientbank in Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-02-DE-003
From Thilo von Westernhagen to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
Westernhagen reports that in the west the Armenians had disappeared; almost all the towns were without pharmacists and doctors, craftsmen were needed everywhere, and almost nothing grew on the Turkish fields. The inner circle around the Grand Vizier was chauvinistic and it had been admitted to him "that the Armenians needed to be exterminated to the last child". The Caucasus and Egypt should also become Turkish.
|
| 1915-10-02-DE-004
From German Consulate General (Daehnhardt) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-02-DE-005
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-03-DK-001
From Legation Constantinopel (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
The report describes how the recent passing of the 26 September "temporary law" regarding the confiscation of Armenian assets could, in combination with the 27 May 1915 deportation law and the subsequent persecutions, lead to the complete ruin for the Ottoman Armenians. The report encloses French versions of both the 27 May law and the 26 September law.
|
| 1915-10-04-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Newspaper Publishers (Friedrich Faber) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-04-DE-002
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-05-DE-001
From Johannes Ehmann to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-05-DE-002
From Sublime Porte to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-05-DE-003
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-05-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople to Turkish Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-05-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
The Consul General Mordtmann had investigations made into the fate of Dr. Tschilinguirian.
|
| 1915-10-07-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-07-DE-002
From Baghdad Railway Company (Arthur Gwinner) to German Foreign Office [de en tr]
|
|
The Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Anatolian Railway Company sent the text of the ”Loi provisoire” on the possessions of the Armenians, together with a comment by the head office that the entire text could have been stated more clearly in two articles: 1. All of the Armenians’ possessions have been confiscated. 2. The government will confiscate the financial holdings of the deportees and pay (or not pay) their debts.
|
| 1915-10-07-DE-004
From Pastor Strahl to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-07-DE-005
From Company Belar-Lanz to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-08-DE-001
From Joseph Marquart to German Information Service for the Orient (Max von Oppenheim) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-08-DE-003
From German Foreign Office to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-08-DE-004
From Austrian-Hungarian Chamber of Commerce to Atrian-Hungarian Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-08-DE-005
From German Embassy Constantinople to Consulates [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-09-DE-001
From "Wolffs Telegraphic Agency" [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-09-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Jagow) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-09-DE-004
From German Foreign Office to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-09-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
Vice-Consul Hoffmann from Aleppo reported that the Armenian population in Urfa had received deportation orders two weeks previously and decided to barricade themselves.
|
| 1915-10-10-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Royal Chief Religious Official (Dryander) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-10-DE-003
From A German Bank [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-11-DE-001
From Franz Apell-Dörr to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-11-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople to German consulate General Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-12-DE-001
From German Newspaper Publishers (Friedrich Faber) to German Foreign Office [en de]
|
|
F. Faber, the publisher of the "Magdeburger Zeitung” (Magdeburg Newspaper) and treasurer of the Evangelical Missionary-Relief Organisation, informs Zimmermann that he has undertaken everything to ensure that the deportations of the Armenians would not be treated in front of the German public and, in addition, that he wished to resign from his post as treasurer. After Lepsius' lecture to representatives of the press in Berlin, the publishers would be "certain to expect a new statement from me". "The pastor in Lepsius had run away with the politician in this environment, because the news from the foreign press was certainly the most unreliable source one could draw upon." For this reason, Faber requests a discussion with Zimmermann.
|
| 1915-10-12-DE-002
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-13-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
The pope had a hand-written note passed to the sultan in which he expressed his pity for the persecuted Armenians.
|
| 1915-10-14-DE-001
From German Legation The Hague (Kuehlmann) to German Foreign Office (Jagow) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-14-DE-002
From Marie Bechler to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-15-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
According to the German ambassador, the American ambassador, Morgenthau, saw himself unable to give a disclaimer, but certified that the German consuls were looking after the Armenians.
|
| 1915-10-15-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
Once again, he brought up the subject of the slaughtering in Djesiré with Talaat, which the Minister of the Interior had denied, for ”there were no massacres in Turkey”. The German ambassador stated that he inferred from this ”that there were, in fact, riots in Djesiré”.
|
| 1915-10-15-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-15-DE-005
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-16-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-16-DE-002
From German Legacy The Haag (Stumm) to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-16-DE-003
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-16-DE-004
From Deutsche Orientbank to German embassy Constntinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-17-DE-001
From German Legation Bern (Romberg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-17-DE-002
From German Central Office of Information for Foreign Countries (Jäckh) to German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-17-DE-003
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-18-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-18-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-18-DE-003
From German Consulate Aleppo (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-18-DE-004
From Richard Müller to German embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-18-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
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The evacuation of 20,000 deportees from Aleppo had been ordered. According to the Turkish Director for Political Affairs in the Vilayet, the deportees outside Aleppo would ”all die”, because the government had no financial means to settle them. Not only all the Christians, but to some extent the Muslims as well assumed that Germany had given its agreement to the mass murder, and occasionally they referred to Germany’s example in Belgium. Mordtmann noted that Talaat also pointed out that Germany had killed 40,000 Belgians in Belgium.
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| 1915-10-18-DE-012
From German Consulate Aleppo (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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Among other things, the German vice-consul demanded the provision of considerable financial means to ”check this mass murder which, seen from an entirely economical point of view, is alarming”. Mordtmann noted, ”But surely not from us?”
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| 1915-10-18-DE-013
From German Consulate General Geneva (Geissler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-19-DE-001
From German Consulate General Geneva (Geissler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-19-DE-002
From German Legation Bern (Romberg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Accompanying letter.
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| 1915-10-19-DE-003
From German Consulate General Constantinople (Botschaft Konstantinopel) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-19-DE-005
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-19-DK-001
From The Danish Consulate Zürich (Robert Blass) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen [da de en]
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Robert Blass, Danish consul at Zürich, forwards a petition he has received from a Swiss committee for Armenian relief based in Basel. For full text of the petition, see 1915-10-17-DE-001.
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| 1915-10-19-DK-002
From Consulate Smyrna (Alfred van der Zee) to Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) [da de en]
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Alfred van der Zee reports on the transfer of Greek labor battalions from Smyrna to Adrianople (Edirne), on confiscation and requisitioning of Entente, neutral, and Ottoman property, etc.
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| 1915-10-20-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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The Undersecretary at the Foreign Office agrees with Scheubner-Richter’s course of action.
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| 1915-10-20-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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The Undersecretary at the Foreign Office agrees with Scheubner-Richter’s course of action.
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| 1915-10-21-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-21-DE-003
From Prussian Legation at the Vatican (Muehlberg) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-21-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-21-DE-005
From German Consulate Aleppo (Hoffmann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-21-DE-006
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-22-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [en de]
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The German Foreign Office wanted to abstain from making its own official denial for the time being and waits for the Turkish one. The American Ambassador, Morgenthau, was to be told that the agitation in the press was particularly damaging for the Armenians. The official denial agreed upon with Halil was too weak, and the Foreign Office expected an effect from Morgenthau's telegram. The official denial that Mordtmann drew up together with Halil holds numerous changes, particularly the justification of the deportations of the Armenians to those regions "where their settlement did not [present] any danger".
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| 1915-10-22-DE-003
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-22-DE-004
From German Consulate General Constantinople (Daehnhardt) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-22-DE-005
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-22-DE-006
From German Consulate Smyrna (Humbert) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-23-DE-002
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-23-DE-003
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-24-DE-001
From German Consulate Beirut (Mutius) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-24-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-25-DE-011
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wangenheim) [de]
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The German consul in Aleppo uses letters to prove that the accusations made against him in the ”Westminster Gazette” were unfounded. This misunderstanding was probably due to a courtesy visit he made in Marash to the Turkish General Fakhri Pasha while the latter was accompanied by Count Wolffskeel on a tour of inspection to Marash and Zeitun, among other places. The consul submitted whether it was advisable that a German officer take part in an expedition against an internal Turkish enemy.
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| 1915-10-26-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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In order to counter the suspicions of certain Turkish circles that Germany plans to support foreign people in its future Turkish policy, aid for the Armenians should be kept to a minimum.
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| 1915-10-26-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
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Zimmermann asks whether Schuchardt's journey would be safe if he abandoned plans to travel to the interior. The Embassy confirms this, provided Schuchardt only regulates his financial matters and avoids contact with Armenian circles.
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| 1915-10-26-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-27-DE-001
From Helene Maria Anna Tschilinguirian to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-28-DE-002
From German Orient Mission (Roedenbeck) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-28-DE-003
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-10-29-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinopel [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-29-DE-002
From German Legation Kristiania (Oslo) (Oberndorff) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-29-DE-003
From "Norddeutsch Allgemeine Zeitung" [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-29-DE-004
From Swiss Society Transports Internationaux to German Embasy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-30-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Consulate Mosul [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-30-DE-002
From Anatolian Railway Company to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-10-30-DE-003
From Botschaft Konstantinopel [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-01-DE-001
From Baghdad Railway Company (Franz Johannes Guenther) to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [en de]
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Guenther sends an eyewitness report from a “reliable gentleman” on the deportations.
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| 1915-11-01-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople to German Consulate General Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-01-DE-003
From Debat of the Senat November 1, 1915 [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-02-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Goeppert) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-02-DE-002
From German Consulate Halep (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-03-DE-001
From German Supreme Headquarters (Treutler) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
General von Falkenhayn appealed to Enver Pasha to leave the Baghdad Railway Company its trained personnel, as this was ”severely endangered due to the deportation of the Armenian outcasts during the war”.
|
| 1915-11-03-DE-002
From German Consulate Erzurum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-03-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzerum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-03-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Consulate Halep (Roessler) [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-03-DE-005
From German Consulate Erzerum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-03-DE-006
From Heinrich Janson to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-03-DE-007
From German Consulate Erzerum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-03-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
|
|
A detailed report on German-Ottoman relations describing the political intrigues and manoeuvring within the Ottoman leadership and between the Ottoman Empire and their main ally, Germany.
|
| 1915-11-04-DE-001
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
According to Holstein, he heard that Field Marshal von der Goltz had ordered the 4th Army to use troops to suppress the rebellion near Midiat. However, it was not a rebellion, but rather Syrian and Armenian Christians who had been able to flee from the massacres and retreat to the mountains to defend themselves. In order to avoid bloodshed, he suggested negotiating with the besieged. Basically, Military Attaché Lossow agrees to this suggestion, however, v. d. Goltz had refused to let Scheubner-Richter, a German officer who had left for that region (and the administrator in Erzerum) interfere. Holstein had also suggested that he himself take part, and the Vali of Mossul had originally agreed to this, but then refused, because the operation to be carried out was a “purely internal” matter of the Turkish government.
|
| 1915-11-04-DE-002
From German Consulate Smyrna (Humbert) to German embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-04-DE-003
From Deutsche Bank Branche Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-04-DE-004
From Helene Maria Anna Tschilinguirian-Apell to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-04-DE-005
From German consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-04-DE-006
From German Embassy Constantinopel (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-04-DE-011
From German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) to German Embassy Constantinople [de en tr]
|
|
A colonel from Halil’s staff said to him that he also ”had to slaughter” the Armenians in Mossul. The German consul urgently requested that Halil be ordered to prevent further massacres.
|
| 1915-11-05-DE-001
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-05-DE-002
From German Consulate Adrianopel to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-05-DE-003
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantintople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-05-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Consulate Mosul [de]
|
|
According to the German chargé d’affairs, the Turkish Foreign Minister requested that the Minister of War order the military authorities in Mossul not to undertake any measures against the Armenians there.
|
| 1915-11-06-DE-002
From L Landgrebe to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-06-DE-003
From German Consulate Adrianopel to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-06-DE-011
From German Foreign Office to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [en de]
|
|
The Foreign Office conveyed a letter from the German doctor, Neukirch, from Erzinjian.
|
| 1915-11-06-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de en tr]
|
|
Mordtmann gave a review of statements made by the Swedish nun in German service, Alma Johansson, on the events in Mush.
|
| 1915-11-08-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
The German consul in Aleppo spoke on the so-called riots in Urfa, Suediye and Fundadjak, for which he saw no outside influence. The deportations were continuing ”with the most terrible results”. The great number of corpses had resulted in epidemics which, considering the strategic importance of Aleppo, would have consequences.
|
| 1915-11-08-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople to German Consulate General Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-08-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople to German Consulate Rodosto [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-08-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
|
|
Halil Bey stated that the government had decided to refrain from further deportations, particularly those of the Armenians in Constantinople.
|
| 1915-11-09-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-09-DE-002
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-09-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
According to the German chargé d’affairs, Scheubner-Richter found only empty and destroyed villages where previously the Armenians had lived on his way from Erzurum to Mosul. He saw no living male Armenians. Although the road had been cleared for his ride, the vice-consul from Erzurum saw many corpses of men, women and children. The Swedish nun, Alma Johansson, also reported that all of the Armenians on the plain of Mush had been killed.
|
| 1915-11-10-DE-011
From German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) to German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) [de en tr]
|
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Bethmann Hollweg instructed Neurath to use his influence with the Sublime Porte in favour of the Armenians and to direct his attention to the measures taken: that they not be extended to other parts of the Christian population.
|
| 1915-11-11-DE-001
From Max Bachmann to German Embassy Constantinopel [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-12-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
According to the German chargé d’affairs, the Turkish government also wished to deport the Armenians from Constantinople, at least before the end of the war.
|
| 1915-11-12-DE-002
From German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) to German Reichstag (Matthias Erzberger) [de]
|
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The Imperial government regarded it as its foremost duty to use its influence in such a manner that the Christian people would not be persecuted for their faith.
|
| 1915-11-12-DE-003
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [en de]
|
|
The director of the charity organisation reports that, at the request of the head of the American Board, he used his stay in Constantinople to visit the American ambassador. He wished to inform the Foreign Office in a later report on further details, as well as on the "glorious deeds by our allies against the Armenian people" reported by Sister Alma Johansson or on forged dispatches from the interior.
|
| 1915-11-12-DE-004
From German consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-12-DE-011
From German Foreign Office (Jagow) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
|
|
The Secretary of State of the German Foreign Office requested that the enclosed Niepage Report be used as an opportunity to lodge a protest against the cruel treatment of the Armenians”. Mordtmann noted that the enclosure could only be used with care.
|
| 1915-11-12-DE-012
From German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) to German Evangelical Missionary-Relief (A. W. Schreiber) [de en tr]
|
|
Bethmann Hollweg assured the Director of the German Protestant Mission-Board, Schreiber, that he would do everything in his power to take the latter’s worries into account.
|
| 1915-11-12-DE-013
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
|
|
Originally, von der Goltz had given the order to proceed against the Christians who had barricaded themselves together with the Armenians between Mardin and Midiat. Consul Holstein requested that Scheubner-Richter take part in the negotiations, but Goltz did not want German officers to become involved in these internal matters.
|
| 1915-11-13-DE-001
From Pfarrer Strahl to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-13-DE-002
From German Consulte Smyrna (Humbert) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-16-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
The German consul in Aleppo opposed the report put out by the Turks in the ”Norddeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung” with his report which was based on eyewitness evidence. According to this, the Armenian fighting in Urfa was solely for the purpose of defence, and they had definitely not seized the Muslim parts of the town and begun to slaughter these people.
|
| 1915-11-16-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
|
|
Roessler sent an eyewitness report on the military supply and communications road from Aleppo to Deir-es-Zor which was contaminated with typhoid fever. The German military doctor, Dr. Schacht, who travelled on the river, wrote to him from Deir-es-Zor, "I have seen many bad things along the way. What people are saying is true."
|
| 1915-11-16-DE-003
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-16-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinople to German Consulate Halep [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-16-DE-005
From German Consulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Embassy constantinople (Wolff-Meternich) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-16-DE-006
From German Cconsulate Rodosto (Ziemke) to German Cionsulate General Constantinople (Daehnhardt) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-16-DE-007
From German Embassy Constantinople to Turkish Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-17-DE-001
From German Consulate Damascus (Loytved Hardegg) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
Consul Loytved reports that two gang leaders were hanged in Damascus for the ill-treatment and robbery of Armenians and leaves it to the Ambassador's discretion to make use of "this politically clever measure of Djemal Pasha" in the German press.
|
| 1915-11-17-DE-002
From Deutsche Bank Branche Constantinople to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-17-DE-003
From German Consulate Halep (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
The Armenian employees of the German Mission in Urfa, reported Roessler, were deported. The German chargé d’affairs Neurath reported on the events in Urfa based on notes from the head of the news agency for the Middle East, Baron von Oppenheim, who referred to statements made by the German artillery officer, Wolffskeel. No exemptions were achieved for the deportation of the Armenian employees and wards of the German institutions. He refrained from lodging a diplomatic protest with Enver, because the Armenians from Urfa ”appeared to be particularly incriminated”.
|
| 1915-11-17-DE-004
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-18-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople [en de]
|
|
Accompanying letter to transcripts of two documents: the Committee resolution signed by Boettrich on the “removal of Armenian railway employees” and the outraged statement on this by the Deputy Director of the company.
|
| 1915-11-19-DE-002
From German Evangelical Missionary-Relief (August Wilhelm Schreiber ) to German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-20-DE-002
From German Reichstag (Matthias Erzberger) to German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-21-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-21-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-21-DE-003
From German Consulate Erzerum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-22-DE-001
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [en de]
|
|
Schuchardt sends Rosenberg two eye witness reports and informs him that he has given both enclosures to Mordtmann for filing.
|
| 1915-11-22-DE-002
From Nicolai to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-22-DE-004
From German Consulate Erzerum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-22-DE-005
From Deutsche Bank (Schultz) to German Foreign Office (Jagow) [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-23-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzerum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-24-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Neurath) to German Foreign Office [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-25-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-25-DE-002
From Graf Lüttichau to Johannes Mordtmann [de]
|
|
--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
|
| 1915-11-25-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
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The report contextualizes and brings a translation of a supplementary law to the Confiscation Law of 26 September 1915 (see 1915-10-03-DK-001). Emphasis is put on the possible consequences of the Confiscation Law for Danish companies like E. Nobel and other foreign firms who have claims against Armenian businesses, and on the possibilities of collecting debt through Ottoman liquidation commissions.
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| 1915-11-26-DE-001
From German Consulate Erzurum (Schulenburg) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-26-DE-002
From Richard Müller to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-26-DE-003
From Bulgarian Legation Constantinople (Koloucheff) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-27-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-27-DE-002
From "Nordeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung" [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-27-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-27-DE-004
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-28-DE-001
From German Reichstag (Matthias Erzberger) to German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-28-DE-002
From German Consulate General Constantinople (Ziemke) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-29-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Jagow) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de en tr]
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The Secretary of State of the German Foreign Office requested his ambassador in Constantinople to present himself to the Porte. It was not in Turkey’s interests to rob itself of one of the country’s economically most important parts of the population. Furthermore, the German government expected Turkey to counter the rumours that Germany had incited Turkey to persecute the Armenians.
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| 1915-11-29-DE-002
From German-Armenian Society (Johannes Lepsius) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The Chairman of the German-Armenian Association passed a message to the Imperial Chancellor from the Armenian Committee in Sofia which stated that the deportation of the Armenians in Constantinople had begun.
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| 1915-11-29-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Accompanying letter
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| 1915-11-29-DE-004
From German Consulate Alexandretta (Hoffmann) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-29-DE-005
From German Legation Bucharest (Bussche-Haddenhausen) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-30-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Accompanying letter to eyewitness reports. Roessler writes that during the past few months he heard many reports of that kind, but that he had kept silent, because he had had no credible witnesses. This had now changed with Manukian, "who could be regarded as an irreproachable witness".
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| 1915-11-30-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-11-30-DE-003
From Mission Mamuret-ul-Aziz (Johannes Ehmann) to German Embassy Conxtantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-01-DE-011
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
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The Undersecretary of State in the German Foreign Office requested of Wolff-Metternich to negotiate between the Christians of Syrian belief from Mardin and Midiat, who had retreated to the hills, and the Turks. The German ambassador replied that through the mediation of Baron von der Goltz the difficulties had been remedied.
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| 1915-12-02-DE-001
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-03-DE-001
From German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient (Friedrich Schuchardt) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-04-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-04-DE-002
From German Foreign Office to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-04-DE-005
From German Legation Athens (Mirbach-Harff) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-05-DE-011
From German Foreign Office (Jagow) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
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According to information from the Armenian Committee in Sofia, the deportation of the Armenians in Constantinople had now also begun. The Secretary of State of the German Foreign Office requested that urgent presentations be made.
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| 1915-12-06-DE-001
From German Consulate aleppo (Roessler) to German embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-06-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
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Wandel reports on how the Turkish daily newspaper "Tasfiri Efkiar," an organ for Talaat Bey and for the Turkish nationalist-chauvinist movement in general, strongly pushes for the adoption of a bill that would make Turkish the only accepted language in the administration of certain key companies and, ideally, in all companies in the Empire. The goals of the proposed bill, goals that Wandel believes are decidedly unrealistic and based on false premises, are, through linguistic and economic "purification," to restrict "foreign" influence in the Empire and to make room for Turks and Muslims in the companies.
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| 1915-12-07-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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The German ambassador wrote to the Imperial Chancellor that, concerning the deportations, he had used ”an exceedingly sharp language” with the leading Turkish politicians, but that he believed that protests would not achieve anything and Turkish denials that no more deportations would take place were worthless. ”In order to achieve any success in the Armenian question, we will have to inspire fear into the Turkish government regarding the consequences,” he demanded and formulated a possible article in the ”Norddeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung” in which the attempts by the Germans to end the measures were pointed out. His suggestion was that the German press should express its displeasure over the deportations and ” stop gushings over the Turks”. The achievements in Turkey had, in truth, been the achievements of the Germans. ”Without our help that inflated frog would collapse.” Zimmermann, Undersecretary of State at the German Foreign Office, noted that although a publication was necessary, it should be softened. Secretary of State Jagow admonished that the conclusion of the article, in particular, should be kept in a more friendly tone towards Turkey. Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg rejected everything. The only goal was ”to keep Turkey on our side until the end of the war, no matter whether as a result Armenians perish or not”.
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| 1915-12-07-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Foreign Office [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-07-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople to German Consulate Adrianople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-07-DE-004
From Constantinopel Branche of Wiener Bank-Verein to German Embassy Constantinopel [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-08-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-08-DE-002
From Consulate Smyrne (Humbert) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-08-DE-003
From Grossenhainer Webstuhl- und Maschinen-Fabrik to German embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-08-DE-004
From Willy Seegers to German Embassy Constantinople (Schmidt) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-09-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de en tr]
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The German ambassador reported that he had a serious discussion with the Grand Vizier on the Armenian question and also on the rumours, especially those in Anatolia, that the Germans were encouraging the persecution of the Armenians. The Grand Vizier pointed out that entire districts had been organised for rioting. Djemal, however, who, according to Metternich, ”also belonged to those Turks who were ashamed”, demanded certain alleviations for the Armenians. Thus, the Armenians in Aleppo were allowed to stay in the area, and those Armenians who were employed by the Baghdad Railway were recalled from the deportation.
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| 1915-12-09-DE-002
From German Evangelical Missionary-Relief (August Wilhelm Schreiber) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-09-DE-003
From Willy Seeger to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-10-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
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The Undersecretary of State at the German Foreign Office submitted to his ambassador that the latter also bring to the attention of the Turkish government the report of a German on the fate of the Armenians deported to Deir-es-Zor.
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| 1915-12-10-DE-002
From German Reichstag (Matthias Erzberger) to German Foreign Office (Rosenberg) [de]
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Matthias Erzberger, a member of the Reichtstag, gave a review of a letter from the German priest, Father Straubinger, according to which the Papal Delegate in Constantinople, Monsignore Dolci, considered relief to be a possibility if, as the Foreign Minister had promised him, the Catholic Armenians would be allowed to return.
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| 1915-12-11-DE-001
From German Consulate Adana (Buege) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-12-DE-002
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
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The Undersecretary of State in the German Foreign Office wrote to his ambassador that the Director of the German Christian Charity-Organisation for the Orient, Friedrich Schuchardt, had informed him in a letter that the Turkish government was forcefully attempting to convert the remains of the Armenian people to Islam. Schuchardt requested German intervention with the Porte.
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| 1915-12-13-DK-001
From Foreign Ministry Copenhagen to Ministry of Commerce Copenhagen [da de en]
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Referring to 1915-11-25-DK-001, Wandel reiterates that the deadline approaches
for laying claim on deported Armenians.
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| 1915-12-14-DE-001
From German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) to German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-14-DE-002
From German Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft (Adolf von Harnack) to German Foreign Office (Zimmermann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-15-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
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The Apostolic Delegate, Dolci, hands in a letter from the Pope to the Sultan, a letter in which the Pope speaks on behalf of the persecuted Armenians. Wandel assumes that Dolci has received the usual polite and evasive answer given by Ottoman officials regarding the Armenian massacres.
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| 1915-12-16-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff Metternich) to Ottoman War Ministry (Enver Pasha) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-16-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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The Armenian expert at the German embassy noted that the female members of Armenian families whose husbands had been killed were being distributed to Muslim villages. In addition, at the order of the Ministry of War all of the Armenians who were serving in the army were to become Muslims. About 5,000 Armenians who had immigrated from Anatolia had already been deported from Constantinople.
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| 1915-12-16-DK-001
From Legation Constantinople (Carl Ellis Wandel) to Foreign Ministry Copenhagen (Erik Scavenius) [da de en]
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Wandel receives detailed information on Lebanese affairs from former governor of Lebanon, Constantinople-born Melkite/Greek Catholic Yusuf Franko Pasha. Basically, the message conveyed by Franko is that the CUP and the Ottoman government in general is working methodically to end the 'special arrangement' that has given the province of Mount Lebanon relative independence, and make it yet another purely Turkish/Muslim-dominated area of administration.
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| 1915-12-17-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-18-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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The German ambassador reported that Talaat explained to him that he had taken extensive measures to feed the Armenians and to punish offences against the property and the lives of the Armenians. 20 people had just recently been executed who had been guilty of such offences. Those Catholic and Protestant Armenians who had generally proved themselves not to be revolutionary would return to their homes, insofar as this was possible. He had opposed the rumours that the Germans had encouraged the persecution of the Armenians. Talaat stated that in a similar case, however, the Germans had also wiped out a revolutionary movement in Germany by means of force. Metternich considered this a ”peculiar opinion” which he had also encountered among Talaat’s colleagues.
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| 1915-12-18-DE-002
From German Consulate General Constantinople (Mertens) to Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-18-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Foreign Office [de]
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Talaat stated that new measures against the Armenians were not planned. The ambassador stated that if the proposed publication in the ”Norddeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung” be unwelcome for internal political reasons and as a justification to the rest of the world, he would suggest not publishing the draft of his article. Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg noted, ”not to be published”, on the letter.
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| 1915-12-20-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [en de]
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Roessler replies to two articles in the Frankfurter Zeitung. According to him, it suppresses the truth and fights only against excesses, or secondary symptoms. Four-fifths of all Armenians had been deported and the objective was “an Armenia without Armenians”, as the Deportation commissioner sent by the Ministry of the Interior openly stated. Reporting in Germany did not even meet its own censorship regulations, in which facts could never be kept secret permanently.
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| 1915-12-20-DE-002
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-20-DE-003
From President of the German Reichstag (Kaempf) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-20-DE-004
From German Reichstag (Reinhardt Mumm) to German Foreign Office (Jagow) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-21-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Foreign Office [en de]
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Metternich passes on the results of negotiations between Sommer and the Armenians in Teheran which Sommer had telegraphed to the embassy. Establishment of an autonomous Armenia along the lines of a German state or a Swiss canton. Jagow's answer: let negotiations die out.
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| 1915-12-21-DE-004
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-21-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de en tr]
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The Consul General ascertained that there were conversions to Islam in various regions.
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| 1915-12-23-DE-001
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The German ambassador presented the first written comments from the Porte to various German ideas, some of which were induced by the complaints of interested German parties.
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| 1915-12-23-DE-003
From American Embassy Constantinople (Morgenthau) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-23-DE-004
From German Embassy Constantinopel (Bulgarische Gesandtschaft Konstantinopel ) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-23-DE-005
From German Consulate General Constantinople (Voigt) to German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-24-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-27-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Reichskanzler (Bethmann Hollweg) [de]
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The commitment to the Papal Delegate, Dolci, that the Catholic Armenians would no longer be deported, was not kept. The only reason that there was no further discussion of more deportations was that the deportation of the Armenians had practically been completed. Dolci’s demand that the closed churches be reopened and the priests be allowed to return was considered by the government as interference in internal affairs. Relief action for the Armenians in the concentration camps would probably only lead to the rest of them being deported to Mesopotamia. According to the Ministry of the Interior in one particular case, a return of the Armenians was already inadmissible simply because they would no longer find their property which, in the meantime, had gone over into the possession of the Liquidation Committee.
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| 1915-12-28-DE-001
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-29-DE-001
From Willy Seeger to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-31-DE-001
From C. Adolf Bratter [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-31-DE-002
From German Embassy Constantinople (Mordtmann) [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-31-DE-003
From German Embassy Constantinople to German Consulate Mosul (Holstein) [en de]
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Upon inquiry by the Embassy of the fate of Mr. Stepan Tschiradjian, Holstein informs that nothing is known of this, but that none of the Armenians banned from Diarbekir had reached Mossul. The Vali had informed him that "none of the Armenians from Diarbekir had stayed alive".
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| 1915-12-31-DE-004
From German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) to German Embassy Constantinople [de]
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--- English abstracts are not yet available ---
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| 1915-12-31-DE-011
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) [de]
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The American ambassador had informed him that 4000 Protestant and Catholic Armenians in Aintab had been threatened with deportation. Anyone who did not become a Muslim would be deported. According to the German ambassador, Talaat had promised both him and the US ambassador that the Protestant and Catholic Armenians would be left in peace.
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| 1915-12-31-DE-012
From German Embassy Constantinople (Wolff-Metternich) to German Consulate Aleppo (Roessler) [de]
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The ambassador requests a telegraphic report on the situation of the Protestant and Catholic Armenians in Aintab.
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